何以为“家”?西江苗寨居民家屋空间的旅游实践  

What is“Home”?The Tourism Practice of Residents’Home Space in Xijiang Miao Villages

作　　者：蔡溢 杨洋 廖婧琳[1] 马茂丹 CAI Yi;YANG Yang;LIAO Jinglin;MA Maodan(School of Business Management,Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,Guiyang 550025,China;School of International Tourism&Culture,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China;School of Management,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州财经大学工商管理学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州师范大学国际旅游文化学院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]厦门大学管理学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2022年第9期27-40,共14页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“民族旅游社区居民身体实践的过程与机制:身体地理学的视角”(42001154)和“西部旅游社区‘家空间’中两性家庭权力变迁:过程与机制”(41871149);教育部人文社会科学研究项目“乡村旅游振兴背景下民族村寨地方意义流变及管理研究”(20XJCZH003)和“‘旅游+非遗+扶贫’背景下西部民族社区地方意义重构与优化治理研究”(20XJCZH010);贵州省哲学社会科学规划项目“‘多彩贵州’文化品牌构建下贵州典型民族村寨地方性生产与传播研究”(20GZQN09);贵州省教育厅高校人文社会科学研究基地项目“互嵌视角下民族旅游村寨社会结构与功能变迁:西江苗寨的历时性解释”(2021JD006)共同资助

摘　　要：“家”作为审视人地关系的微观空间,为认识旅游地社会文化变迁提供了新视角。文章基于“家”的地理学视角,对西江苗寨群落居民家屋空间旅游实践的过程与逻辑进行研究,结果表明:(1)因旅游发展阶段的不同,群落家屋空间实践形成了“传统型家屋→过渡型家屋→融合型家屋→商业型家屋”推进的演化规律,其承载的地方意义不断流变;(2)家屋物质空间数量快速增加,功能置换显著,内外通道逐渐取代堂屋,成为连接度与整合度最高的空间,分布规律由规则向不规则演化;(3)在主客关系互动影响下,家屋社会空间呈现类型丰富化、程度弱化或强化的结构特征,社会空间不断生产与再生产;(4)家屋景观的生产及日常生活场景的杂糅,使得居民对家屋情感空间的体验不断销蚀;(5)家屋空间资本化、权力规训、居民生产与游客消费建构构成家屋空间实践的逻辑。文章丰富了旅游情境下家空间的研究,对民族村寨社会文化可持续发展具有借鉴作用。“Home”exists as a micro space for examining the man-land relationship and provides a new perspective for understanding the social culture changes in tourist destinations.Based on“home”geographies and a literature review,this article constructed a framework for analyzing the home space evolution process from material,social,and emotional perspectives.Furthermore,it explored the tourism practice process and logic of residents’home space in Xijiang Miao villages using space syntax and text analysis.The results showed that:(1)the different types of home space have been formed due to the different tourism development stages,that is,“traditional home→transitional home→integrated/commercial home,”and the transformation process of“agricultural production space→semi-agricultural production space→commercial space”was presented.The connotation and meaning of home space have changed.(2)The number and functions of the home material space have witnessed a dramatic increase,and the internal and external channels have gradually replaced central rooms as the most connected and integrated spaces.With the distribution rule evolving from regularity to irregularity,the most connected and integrated space evolution process can be specified as follows:the kitchen and central rooms in the exploration period,the passage and utility room in the participation period,and the passage and central rooms in the development period.In short,the passage space,which connects the inside and outside of the home,has gradually replaced the central rooms or kitchen,thus becoming the most integrated space.From the data perspective,the spaces with higher connection and integration value are located at the initial and middle end of the horizontal traffic space of home in the exploration period,while in the participation and development periods,this situation presents an irregular distribution trend due to the increase in passageways.(3)The constantly producing and reproducing social space of the home presents the enriched,weakened

关 键 词：家屋空间 空间句法 旅游地生命周期 过程 逻辑 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]