青少年运动员前交叉韧带损伤特点及治疗现状  

Characteristics and Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Adolescent Athletes

作　　者：温呈洪[1] 雷鸣鸣[1] Wen Cheng-hong;Lei Ming-ming(The Affiliated Sport Hospital of Chengdu Sport University,Chengdu 610041)

机构地区：[1]成都体育学院附属体育医院,成都610041

出　　处：《国外医药（抗生素分册）》2022年第3期219-223,共5页World Notes on Antibiotics

摘　　要：由于越来越多的青少年积极参与体育专项运动,青少年前交叉韧带损伤的数量正在以比成人更快的速度增长。本文探讨了青少年前交叉韧带损伤的流行病学特点、诊断要点、治疗策略以及康复计划。这种损伤在急性期主要表现为关节肿痛伴活动受限,关节失稳;慢性期主要表现为关节反复症状性失稳或伴发关节交锁症状。有别于既往非手术治疗为主的治疗策略,尽早地进行前交叉韧带重建能使青少年运动员获益最大,手术方式的选择取决于患者的骨骺年龄,适宜的、熟悉的手术重建技术大多能取得较好的临床效果和较低的术后发育障碍发生率;系统的、分阶段的功能康复联合积极的心理干预能更好地促进青少年运动员重返赛场,降低二次损伤的发生。The number of adolescent anterior cruciate ligment injuries is rising at a greater rate than in adult,as a result of the increased participation of adolescents in sports.This review explored the epidemiological features,diagnostic points,treatment strategies,and rehabilitation programs for adolescent ACL injuries.The acute phase of this injury is characterized by swelling,pain with limited motion and joint instability,while the chronic phase is characterized by recurrent symptomatic instability or symptoms of joint locking.Compared with the previous nonsurgical treatment strategies,early ACL reconstruction can benefit youth athletes the most.Based on the tanner stages,choices of surgical methods can be determined.Proper and familiar surgical reconstruction techniques tend to achieve better clinical results and lower incidence of postoperative developmental disorders.Systematic and phased functional rehabilitation combined with positive psychological intervention can better promote the adolescents’return to sport and reduce the occurrence of reinjury.

关 键 词：前交叉韧带损伤 青少年 运动员 治疗策略 

分 类 号：R875[医药卫生—运动医学]