混播比例对半干旱区放牧型混播草地草产量及品质的影响  

Effect of Mixed Sowing Ratio on the Forage Yield and Quality of Grazing Mixed Sowing Grassland in Semi-arid Area

作　　者：魏孔涛 鱼小军[1] 白梅梅 马凯凯 刘耀峰 张选明 WEI Kong-tao;YU Xiao-jun;BAI Mei-mei;MA Kai-kai;LIU Yao-feng;ZHANG Xuan-ming(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,the Ministry of Education/Sino-U.S.Centers for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou 730070,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Technical Service Center,Longxi County,Dingxi 748100,China;Technology Innovation Center of Artificial Grassland Construction in Arid Area of Loess Plateau,Dingxi City,Dingxi 748100,China;Yurun Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Company Limited,Longxi County,Dingxi 748100,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [2]陇西县畜牧兽医技术服务中心,甘肃定西748100 [3]定西市黄土高原旱区人工草地建植技术创新中心,甘肃定西748100 [4]陇西县雨润农牧有限责任公司,甘肃定西748100

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2022年第9期56-65,共10页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：甘肃省民生科技专项“乡村振兴专题”(21CX6NJ204)资助。

摘　　要：在甘肃陇中半干旱地区,研究了扁蓿豆(Medicago ruthenica)和无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)在不同混播比例(100∶0、0∶100、20∶80、30∶70、40∶60、50∶50、60∶40、70∶30、80∶20)下3个生育期的生产性能和营养价值,并用隶属函数法综合评价。结果表明:不同混播比例不同程度提高了播种当年草地的草产量,其中扁蓿豆和无芒雀麦混播比例20∶80处理在扁蓿豆成熟期干草产量最高,为5599.17 kg/hm^(2),较扁蓿豆和无芒雀麦单播分别提高了93.14%和25.06%。混播处理下牧草的土地当量比在当年9月份刈割时均大于1,最高达1.51;扁蓿豆在混播群体的竞争中始终处于劣势。不同混播比例显著提高了播种当年牧草成熟期时的粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量,显著降低了中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量。通过隶属函数综合评价得出,扁蓿豆和无芒雀麦比例为20∶80混播时产量与营养价值最佳,是适合陇中半干旱地区建植多年生人工草地的最佳混播比例。This study explored the effect of different mixed sowing ratios(100∶0,0∶100,20∶80,30∶70,40∶60,50∶50,60∶40,70∶30 and 80∶20)of Medicago ruthenica and Bromus inermis on forage yield and nutritional values during three growth periods using comprehensive evaluation according to membership function analysis in semi-arid areas of Longzhong,Gansu Province.The results showed that the different mixing ratios increased the forage yield of the year.The forage yield was the highest at the maturity period(5599.17 kg/hm^(2))under a mixed ratio of 20∶80(M.ruthenica∶B.inermis),which was 93.14%and 25.06%higher than that of M.ruthenica and B.inermis mono sowing.The land equivalent ratio was higher than 1 under mixed sowing treatments when cutting in September of the year,reaching 1.51 as the highest;M.ruthenica was always at a disadvantage in the competition of mixed sowing population.Different mixing ratios significantly increased the contents of crude protein and ether extract while substantially decreasing the contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber at the maturity period of the year.The comprehensive evaluation of membership function analysis revealed that the forage yield and nutritional values were the highest under a mixed ratio of 20∶80(M.ruthenica∶B.inermis).The above ratio was considered the optimum mixed ratio for establishing the perennial artificial grassland in the semi-arid areas of Longzhong.

关 键 词：半干旱区 混播比例 干草产量 种间竞争力 营养品质 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]