从政治主张到政治共识——抗战末期“联合政府”在国统区的报刊舆论建构  

From Political Proposition to Political Consensus:The Construction of Press Public Opinion for a Coalition Government in Kuomintang-controlled Areas at the End of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression

作　　者：程磊 王咏梅 Cheng Lei;Wang Yongmei

机构地区：[1]山东大学新闻传播学院

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2022年第8期107-125,128,共20页Journalism & Communication

基　　金：安徽大学“中国新闻舆论史研究”创新团队项目的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：抗战末期,“联合政府”成为中国政治的主题。既有研究多认为该主张“一经中共提出‘即轰动大后方’,‘重庆报刊纷纷报道之’”,但这并不符合史实。其甫一面世即遭到重庆当局围堵,相关报道也呈现出时空差异,考察它在国统区突破封锁、赢得共识的过程,可以透视政治主张与报刊舆论的非同步性及复杂互动。通过分析报刊、档案、日记、电文等发现,中共冲破新闻检查获得的表达空间、运用国内外舆论设置的报道框架,使联合政府对接了民盟的宪政诉求,一时间集会与报刊相互激荡,“至足眩惑人心”;随着报刊议程与民主运动的紧密呼应,蒋介石遂以“召开国民大会”应对之,民盟放言“绝难办到”,《新华日报》推波助澜,一度“争购不绝”;民盟成为国共谈判的第三方后,与中共由“互相讲”转为“协同讲”,联动多方报刊揭批曲解联合政府的言行,统战性的主流舆论场及政治共识就此生成。报刊论战导引了社会的观看和表达,为联合政府提供了舆论合法性,丰富了中共的舆论建构路径。At the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,the proposal of a Coalition Government became the theme of Chinese politics.Existing studies describe the ensuing response in public opinion in areas controlled by the Kuomintang(KMT)as immediate and positive once the idea was proposed by the Communist Party of China(CPC).But this is not in line with historical facts.It was in fact blocked by Chongqing authorities,and relevant reports showed temporal and spatial differences.By examining the process of breaking through the blockade and winning consensus,the study showed the non-synchronization and complex interaction between political proposition and press public opinion.The media action around the Coalition Government echoed the democratic movement,forming a mainstream public opinion field and political consensus.It reflected the political game among the CPC,the KMT and the China Democratic League.Press debates guided the society’s viewing and expression,gave legitimacy to the Coalition Government,and provided the CPC more paths of public opinion construction.

关 键 词：“联合政府”主张 国统区 报刊舆论 政治共识 政党竞合 

分 类 号：G219.29[文化科学—新闻学] K265[历史地理—历史学]