数控机床直线轴定位误差建模与补偿  

Modeling and Compensation for Positioning Error of Linear Axis of CNC Machine Tools

作　　者：陈齐林 吴晗 姚振强[1] 邓鹏宇 CHEN Qi-lin;WU Han;YAO Zhen-qiang;DENG Peng-yu(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai SmartState Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200120,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240 [2]上海交大智邦科技有限公司,上海200120

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2022年第9期16-19,共4页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

摘　　要：为了探究不同高度下数控机床直线轴定位误差的变化规律,提出了一种基于阿贝误差的综合建模方法。分析了机床不同预热时间对定位误差的影响,得到了机床达到热平衡所需要的预热时间。通过分析不同镜组高度下测得的定位误差,将定位误差分离为基准定位误差和阿贝误差两部分,采用多项式拟合和线性拟合建立了数控机床直线轴定位误差综合模型。使用综合模型对机床定位误差进行误差补偿,补偿后正向定位精度提升61.9%,反向定位精度提升70%,大幅提升了定位精度。Aiming to explore the changing law of the linear axis positioning error of CNC machine tools at different heights,a comprehensive modeling method based on Abbe error is proposed.The influence of different preheating time of the machine tool on the positioning error is analyzed,and the preheating time required for the machine tool to reach thermal equilibrium is obtained.By analyzing the positioning error measured at different mirror group heights,the positioning error is separated into two parts:the reference positioning error and the Abbe error,and a comprehensive model of the linear axis positioning error of the CNC machine tool is established by polynomial fitting and linear fitting.The integrated model is used to compensate the machine tool positioning error.After compensation,the forward positioning accuracy is increased by 61.9%,and the reverse positioning accuracy is increased by 70%,the positioning accuracy is greatly improved.

关 键 词：数控机床 定位误差 误差建模 误差补偿 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]