旋刀式荸荠芽根同步切除装置设计与试验  

Design and experiment of the rotary blade type synchronous cutting device for water chestnut buds and roots

作　　者：张国忠[1,2] 陈立明 刘浩蓬 刘婉茹[1,2] 张清洪 康启新 Zhang Guozhong;Chen Liming;Liu Haopeng;Liu Wanru;Zhang Qinghong;Kang Qixin(College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学工学院,武汉430070 [2]农业农村部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2022年第13期10-19,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系专项资助项目(CARS-24-D-02);湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T201934)。

摘　　要：针对荸荠芽和根切除工序复杂、效果差、切削力较大等问题,该研究设计了一种旋刀式荸荠芽根同步切除装置,借助荸荠自身重力和装置结构形式进行限位,由回转刀片组同时切除芽和根。首先对荸荠运行及切削过程展开理论分析,确定关键部件结构形式与参数范围。进一步在EDEM离散元软件中以荸荠芽和根的切削力为评价指标,以锯齿旋切刀几何参数和切削速度为影响因素开展仿真优化试验,得到最佳参数组合为:锯齿底长5 mm,齿高15 mm,切削速度0.103 m/s。搭建测力平台对仿真结果进行验证,并与平刃旋切刀进行性能对比。结果表明,优化后的锯齿旋切刀可减小23.29%的切削力。基于Box-Behnken原理设计定位孔内壁优化试验,得到最佳参数条件下荸荠的斜切高度差为4.5 mm。研究结果可为荸荠芽根切除装置设计提供参考。Water chestnut is an important aquatic vegetable, particularly with an annual output of more than 800 000 tons in China. The underground expanded bulb of water chestnut can be eaten fresh or cooked. The edible part of water chestnut has a crisp, sweet, and juicy taste, with many kinds of nutrients. The cuticle of water chestnut needs to be peeled off before eating. A large number of cutting methods can often be adopted to ensure the removal rate of the water chestnut from the peel. However,the complicated shape of the water chestnut can result in very little remaining pulp after peeling, indicating serious loss. There are also serious health and safety hidden hazards in manual peeling. There is no specific peeling device of water chestnut machinery at present. Moreover, the bud and root can be firstly removed for the mechanical peel of water chestnut. In this study, a rotary blade synchronous cutting device was designed for the simultaneous removal of the root and bud of water chestnut, according to the previous peeling, such as corn stalk, cotton, and sugarcane. The positions of the water chestnut were limited by the weight of the water chestnut and the structure of the device. The rotating blade group was also developed to simultaneously cut the bud and root. The non-clamping design was adopted to simplify the working process for the high efficiency of the device. A theoretical analysis was made on the number of holes in the disk, the geometry, and position of the rotary blade, as well as the relationship between the rotary blade and the disk. As such, the water chestnut was fixed in the locating hole. A kind of saw-tooth rotary cutting tool was designed to reduce the cutting force of the bud and root of the water chestnut. The simulation and optimization experiments were carried out using EDEM software, particularly with the response surface test using the Box-Behnken principle. Design-Expert 13 software was also used to fit the experimental data for the quadratic regression. The optimal parameters were achiev

关 键 词：农业机械 试验 荸荠 芽根 旋切 锯齿 定位孔 

分 类 号：S226.8[农业科学—农业机械化工程]