CRISPR-Cas9功能基因筛选技术在肝癌研究中的应用  

Application of CRISPR-Cas9 Functional Genetic Screens in Liver Cancer

作　　者：曹颖 钱若兰 杨晨 王存 覃文新[1] CAO Ying;QIAN Ruolan;YANG Chen;WANG Cun;QIN Wenxin(State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes,Shanghai Cancer Institute,Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院,上海市肿瘤研究所,癌基因与相关基因国家重点实验室,上海200032

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2022年第4期663-671,共9页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:81920108025,82102923);上海交通大学科研项目(批准号:YG2021QN39)资助的课题。

摘　　要：肝癌是全球第四大致死肿瘤,对人类健康构成重大威胁。进展期肝癌缺乏有效靶点,以及目前标准疗法治疗效果有待进一步提高,是肝癌研究领域亟待解决的关键科学问题之一。CRISPR-Cas9功能基因筛选技术促进了肝癌生物学研究的发展,借助该技术,研究者发现了诸多参与肿瘤发生发展的靶基因。此外,无偏倚的CRISPR-Cas9功能基因筛选为探索耐药驱动机制和确定潜在治疗新靶点提供了基础。该文将系统阐述CRISPR-Cas9高通量功能基因筛选技术在肝癌研究领域取得的进展和突破,这些研究将有助于加深人们对肝癌的理解及开辟新的潜在治疗方案。Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide.Lack of effective therapeutic targets and improvement for the efficacy of current therapies for advanced liver cancer are the key scientific issues to be solved in liver cancer research.CRISPR-Cas9(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated protein 9)functional genetic screens have contributed to the advancement of liver cancer biology.Many novel target genes involved in tumorigenesis and cancer progression have been uncovered by CRISPR-Cas9 screen technology.In addition,unbiased CRISPR-Cas9 functional genetic screens provide opportunities for exploring drug resistance mechanisms and identifying potential new therapeutic targets.This review systematically describes progresses and breakthroughs in high-throughput CRISPR-Cas9 functional genetic screens,which can help to deepen understanding of liver cancer and identify novel therapeutic strategies for liver cancer.

关 键 词：肝癌 肝细胞癌 CRISPR-Cas9功能基因筛选 肝癌治疗 

分 类 号：R735.7[医药卫生—肿瘤]