蛋白冠的形成、分析及生物效应研究进展  

Review on Formation,Analysis and Bioeffect of Protein Corona

作　　者：汤杰 张相 朱娜丽 李灵香玉 王亚韡 Tang Jie;Zhang Xiang;Zhu Nali;Li Lingxiangyu;Wang Yawei(School of Environment,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]国科大杭州高等研究院环境学院,杭州310024 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2022年第3期95-110,共16页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(21976163);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体基金项目(22021003)。

摘　　要：纳米颗粒被生物体摄入到体内后不可避免地会与蛋白质相互作用形成蛋白冠。根据蛋白质与纳米颗粒表面的亲和程度与相互作用方式,蛋白冠通常被分为软蛋白冠和硬蛋白冠。蛋白冠的形成使得纳米颗粒具有新的生物学特征,进而影响纳米颗粒在生物体或环境体系中的吸收/吸附、分布、转化与归趋。蛋白冠的结构与组成主要受纳米颗粒、蛋白质和介质条件等因素的影响,其在纳米颗粒的细胞摄入和生物分布过程中发挥着重要作用,能够影响纳米颗粒的生物效应。本文重点对蛋白冠的形成与影响因素、蛋白冠的表征分析方法和蛋白冠对纳米颗粒生物效应的影响3个方面进行了归纳总结,并展望了潜在的重点研究方向,以期为蛋白冠的应用和风险评估提供一定的参考。Nanoparticles would inevitably interact with proteins to form what is known as the protein“corona”once nanoparticles enter organisms.Based on the affinity and interaction between nanoparticles and proteins,protein corona is classified into soft corona and hard corona.Nanoparticles have a new biological identity after formation of protein corona,which can affect the uptake/adsorption,distribution,transformation and fate of nanoparticles.The structure and composition of the protein corona are highly dependent on the physiochemical properties of nanoparticles,proteins and surrounding medium.It plays an important role in the uptake and fate of nanoparticles in organisms,which is further related to the bioeffect of nanoparticles.This review mainly focuses on the mechanism,analytical methods and bioeffects of protein corona on the basis of available references,and potential challenges as well as future research are discussed,in order to provide updated information for application and assessment of protein corona in the future.

关 键 词：纳米颗粒 蛋白冠 生物效应 形成机制 分析方法 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]