合成纳米材料对神经系统的影响  

Effects of Engineered Nanomaterials on Nervous System

作　　者：时晓丽 沙蕊 彭汉勇 温蓓[2,3] Shi Xiaoli;Sha Rui;Peng Hanyong;Wen Bei(Department of Biological Science and Technology,Jinzhong University,Jingzhong 030619,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]晋中学院生物科学与技术系,晋中030619 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境化学和生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2022年第3期434-444,共11页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41877479);山西省基础研究计划青年科学研究项目(20210302124476);山西省高等学校科技创新计划项目(2021L500);晋中学院技术创新团队建设计划项目(jzxyjscxtd202109)。

摘　　要：合成纳米材料具有独特的物理化学特性,在能源、电子、食品、农业、环境科学、化妆品和医药等领域都得到广泛应用,与此同时其安全性也受到了广泛关注。体内和体外模型研究已报道合成纳米材料能够穿过或绕过血脑屏障,进入中枢神经系统,造成神经损伤。本文总结了合成纳米材料产生毒性的影响因素,进入中枢神经系统的途径以及诱导神经毒性的分子机制,包括氧化应激、DNA损伤、炎症、自噬和凋亡的诱导以及DNA甲基化等。通过系统地综述合成纳米材料神经毒性研究进展,并对该研究方向进行展望,为进一步深入研究合成纳米材料神经毒性提供参考。Due to their unique physicochemical properties,engineered nanomaterials have been widely used in various fields,including energy,electronics,food and agriculture,environmental science,cosmetics,and medicine,etc.In the meantime,much attention has been paid on the safety of engineered nanomaterials.Recently,in vivo and in vitro studies have proven that engineered nanomaterials can cross or bypass the blood-brain barrier and then access the central nervous system,causing neurotoxicity.In this paper,the pathway of engineered nanomaterials crossing the central nervous system(CNS),the neurotoxicity and potential molecular mechanisms of engineered nanomaterials,as well as the effect of engineered nanomaterials physicochemical properties on the toxicity have been summarized.Herein,the potential mechanisms includes oxidative stress,DNA damage,inflammation,autophagy,apoptosis and DNA methylation.The remarkable research progress and perspectives are highlighted in this review,boosting further in-depth neurotoxicity research of engineered nanomaterials.

关 键 词：合成纳米材料 神经毒性 摄取机制和转运途径 氧化应激 DNA损伤 炎症 细胞死亡 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]