原发性支气管肺癌中西医诊治概述  

Summary of Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Bronchial Lung Cancer with Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

作　　者：张艳丽[1] 郑心 刘玉霞[3] 梁冉冉 ZHANG Yanli;ZHENG Xin;LIU Yuxia;LIANG Ranran(Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China;Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Qingdao 266000,Shandong,China;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学,山东济南250014 [2]青岛市中医医院,山东青岛266000 [3]山东中医药大学第二附属医院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《辽宁中医药大学学报》2022年第8期151-161,共11页Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：山东省中医药科技项目青年项目(2021Q100);山东省中医药科技项目面上项目(2020M022)。

摘　　要：原发性支气管肺癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,病死率极高。中医和西医对肺癌均有长期且深入的研究,但二者认识多有不同。中医治疗肺癌经验丰富,认为肺癌的发病机制复杂,包括但不限于瘀阻肺络、痰湿蕴肺、阴虚毒热、气阴两虚等,最终均导致气血津液失调,痰瘀酿毒,日久成癌;诊断上往往从临床症状和舌脉着手进行个体辨证,但多受限于医者的医术和经验,缺乏统一标准;治疗则是依据证型,施以中药、针刺、艾灸或其他穴位治疗,疗效显著且不良反应小。西医认为肺癌可由吸烟、环境污染、电离辐射、工作环境、遗传、感染等因素诱发;诊断上除了观察症状外,还会采用X线、CT、MRI、超声、骨核素扫描、呼吸内镜、病理学检查、血清肿瘤标志物等多种辅助手段协助诊断并进行分期,具有客观、准确的特点;治疗上根据诊断分期,采取手术、放疗、化疗等方式,多能延缓疾病进展甚至根除病症,但往往存在会引起严重的不良反应和并发症。近年来中西医结合治疗肺癌越来越受到重视,对延长患者总生存期、改善生活质量优势明显。文章分别从中医和西医两个方面对原发性支气管肺癌的发病机制、诊断方法和治疗手段进行综述,以供临床参考。Primary bronchial lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world,and the mortality is very high.Traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine have long-term and indepth research on lung cancer,but their understanding is different.Traditional Chinese medicine has rich experience in the treatment of lung cancer.It believes that the pathogenesis of lung cancer is complex,including but not limited to blood stasis blocking the pulmonary collaterals,phlegm dampness accumulating in the lung,Yin deficiency and toxin heat,Qi and Yin deficiency,etc.,which eventually lead to the imbalance of Qi,blood and body fluid,phlegm and blood stasis brewing toxin,and cancer over time;In diagnosis,individual dialectics is often carried out from clinical symptoms and tongue image and pulse condition,but it is mostly limited by doctors’medical skills and experience and lacks unified standards;The treatment is based on the syndrome type and treated with traditional Chinese medicine,acupuncture,moxibustion or other acupoints.The curative effect is significant and the side effects are small.Western medicine believes that lung cancer can be induced by smoking,environmental pollution,ionizing radiation,working environment,heredity,infection and other factors;In addition to observing symptoms,X-ray,CT,MRI,ultrasound,bone radionuclide scanning,respiratory endoscopy,pathological examination,serum tumor markers and other auxiliary means will be used to assist in diagnosis and staging,which is objective and accurate;According to the diagnosis stage,surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy can delay the progress of the disease and even eradicate the disease,but there are often serious side effects and complications.In recent years,more and more attention has been paid to the treatment of lung cancer with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine,which has obvious advantages in prolonging the overall survival time and improving the quality of life.This paper reviews the pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of primar

关 键 词：肺癌 中医药 发病机制 诊断 治疗 

分 类 号：R734.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]