再审诉权与再审监督权:性质、目的与行使逻辑  

The Right of Retrial and the Supervision Right of Retrial:Nature,Purpose and Logic of Exercise

作　　者：张卫平 Zhang Weiping

机构地区：[1]烟台大学法学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2022年第5期77-90,共14页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：2018年国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA142)“民事司法智能化设计的理论方案研究”。

摘　　要：民事再审无疑是民事诉讼理论界和实务界特别关注的热点、重点领域。由于再审监督权的存在,使得我国的再审制度具有了不同于国外再审制度的特殊构造,也就形成了当事人再审诉权与法院再审监督权、检察再审监督权并存、交错的状态。再审诉权与再审监督权在性质、目的、行使的逻辑上都有所不同。以往的研究往往忽视了这一方面,导致人们对两种不同权利/权力行使逻辑理解上的误解,也就必然导致对再审诉权和再审监督权处置的错误;尤其是忽视了再审监督权在行使中对政治性、社会性因素的考量,误以再审诉权的逻辑理解再审监督权的行使。一旦正确认识了再审诉权与再审监督权的性质和行使的不同逻辑,就能够按照彼此的逻辑作出正确处理;才能有意识地衡平和协调两者的关系,有利于充分、合理地达成制度设置的目的。Civil retrial is undoubtedly a hot and key area attracting special attention of the theoretical and practical circles. Due to the supervision right of retrial, China’s retrial system has a special structure that is different from the foreign retrial system, which also makes the right of retrial and the supervision right of retrial(including the court’s supervision right of retrial and the prosecutorial supervision right of retrial) coexist and intertwine. The right of retrial and the supervision right of retrial are different in nature, purpose and logic of exercise. Previous research tends to ignore this aspect, leading to the logic misunderstanding of exercising one right and one power, which will inevitably lead to wrong treatment towards the right of retrial and the supervision right of retrial. Especially the consideration of political and social factors is neglected in the exercise of the supervision right of retrial, and the logic of right of re-trial is misused to understand the exercise of the supervision right of retrial. Once the understanding of the nature and different logic of exercising the right of retrial and the supervision right of retrial is correct, proper treatment can be made in accordance with the logic of each other, and their relationship can be consciously balanced and coordinated. It is also conducive to fully and reasonably achieving the purpose of the system set.

关 键 词：再审 再审之诉 再审诉权 再审监督权 民事检察监督 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]