甘肃人口城镇化与18岁乡村汉族学生体型30年的变迁——以某高校1990~2020级甘肃籍乡村生源18岁大一汉族学生为例  

Population Urbanization and Change of Body Shape of 18-year-old Rural Han Students in 30 Years in Gansu——A Case Study of 18-year-old Han Freshmen from Rural Gansu from 1990 to 2020 in a University

作　　者：苗钟立 胡有宏 MIAO Zhong-li;HU You-hong(Department of Physical Education,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学体育教学部,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州文理学院学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期98-105,共8页Journal of Lanzhou University of Arts and Science(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：2021年教育部产学合作协同育人课题“大学体育课程体系与体教融合研究”(202102515014)。

摘　　要：甘肃属于中国最贫困的省份之一,经济发展水平与全国平均发展水平有一定差距。自1990~2020年,甘肃30年间经济收入持续增长,城镇化水平不断提高,常住人口前20年增长较快,后10年却快速缩减,老年化问题日趋严峻;通过对甘肃农业大学1990~2020级甘肃籍乡村生源18岁大一学生体质健康测试数据进行统计分析,利用这一具有普遍代表性的特定人群体测数据30年的变迁来反映甘肃乡村汉族人口的身体健康状况随甘肃经济发展所产生的巨大变化。得出结论:30年来,甘肃乡村18岁汉族男女学生平均身高分别增加了6.61cm和5.51cm,平均体重分别增加了9.94kg和3.47kg,胸围分别增加了7.86cm和2.75cm。自2012年国家开始对甘肃农村学生给予每天营养餐补助行动后,贫困乡村的学生体质健康状况得到较大改善。2014~2020年18岁乡村生源男生平均身高和体重均出现一个加速增长期,但平均体重仍属于健康体重的偏瘦状态。尽管每年甘肃肥胖总人数都在增长,但多为男性。中国已全面建成小康社会,然而甘肃青年一代的体质健康还需要给予一定关怀。Gansu is one of the poorest provinces in China, and its economic development level has a certain gap with that of the country. From 1990 to 2020, Gansu’s economic income has continued to increase and urbanization level continued to improve during the 30 years. The permanent resident population has grown rapidly in the first 20 years, but decreased rapidly in the last 10 years, and the aging problem has become increasingly serious. Based on the statistical analysis of the physical health test data of 18-year-old rural freshmen of Gansu Agricultural University from 1990 to 2020, the 30-year change of the general representative physical test data of the specific population is used to reflect the tremendous changes in the physical health status of the rural Han population with the economic development of Gansu. Conclusion: during the past 30 years, the average height, weight, and chest circumference of 18-year-old Han male and female students in rural Gansu have increased by 6.61 cm and 5.51 cm, 9.94 Kg and 3.47 K respectively. Since 2012, when the state began to subsidize daily nutritional meals for rural students in Gansu, the physical and health status of students in poor rural areas has been greatly improved. From 2014 to 2020, the average height and weight of 18-year-old male students in rural areas have showed a period of accelerating growth, but the average weight of students has been still in the state of lean and healthy weight. Although the total number of obese people in Gansu is increasing every year, most of them are male. China has entered a well-off society in an all-round way. However, the physical health of the young generation in Gansu still needs some care.

关 键 词：体质健康 甘肃人口城镇化 体型 乡村学生 

分 类 号：C915[经济管理]