塔式起重机结构应力谱快速获取方法  

Research on the Method of Quickly Obtaining the Stress Spectrum of Tower Crane

作　　者：韩亚鹏 周继红[2] 王爱红[1] 左旸 HAN Yapeng;ZHOU Jihong;WANG Aihong;ZUO Yang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Taiyuan Heavy Industry Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学机械工程学院,太原030024 [2]太原重工股份有限公司,太原030024

出　　处：《机械设计与研究》2022年第4期202-207,共6页Machine Design And Research

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金资助项目(20210302123217);太原科技大学研究生创新项目(XCX212048);山西省专利推广实施资助专项(20171064)。

摘　　要：针对当前许多施工现场塔式起重机装有安全监控系统,实时进行安全评估时却无法快速获得结构应力谱的问题,提出一种快速获取塔机应力谱方法。该方法利用有限元分析技术,根据不同工况,建立应力数据样本库,在此基础上结合支持向量机算法快速获取危险点的等效应力值。首先,采用Windows通用软件开发平台VC++结合ANSYS开发了模拟塔式起重机运行工况的软件,对样机进行静力学分析,得出了塔机的危险截面以及危险点。然后,固定小车移动步长,选择合适的起吊载荷步长,对塔式起重机进行不同起重量、不同小车位置的仿真模拟,得到起重机危险点的等效应力值,将这些数据保存到数据库中,利用这些数据对支持向量机模型进行训练。最后,根据监控系统采集的数据,快速获取危险点的等效应力值,验证了该方法的高效性。该方法可以应用于塔机安全监控系统中,实时对在役塔机进行在线安全评估,也可推广到其他重型机械领域。In view of the problem that the safety monitoring systems in many current tower cranes cannot obtain the structural stress spectrum quickly during safety assessment,a method for quickly obtaining the tower crane stress spectrum is proposed.This method uses finite element analysis to establish a stress database associated with different working conditions.The support vector machine algorithm is applied to quickly obtain the equivalent stress value of the dangerous point.Firstly,Windows common software development platform VC++combined with ANSYS is used to develop the software that simulates the operating conditions of the tower crane,and carries out static analysis of the prototype.The dangerous cross-section and dangerous points in the tower crane are obtained.Then,the mobile step length of the fixed trolley is fixed,the appropriate lifting load step length is selected,and the tower crane is simulated with different lifting weights and different trolley positions to obtain the equivalent stress value of the dangerous point in the crane.And the data is saved in the database.Finally,according to the stress value in the database,the support vector machine model is used to quickly obtain the equivalent stress value of the dangerous point.The method can be applied to the tower crane safety monitoring system for real-time online safety assessment of the tower crane in service,and can also be extended to other heavy machinery fields.

关 键 词：应力谱 二次开发 数据库 支持向量机 

分 类 号：TH218[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]