某院近5年儿少精神疾病住院患者精神疾病分布及药物使用情况调查  

Distribution characteristics and medication analysis of mental diseases among children and adolescents hospitalized in psychiatry department in recent 5 years in one hospital

作　　者：王君[1] 修梅红[1] 赵晓彦[1] 苏明杰[1] 池伟 刘秀平[1] WANG Jun;XIU Mei-hong;ZHAO Xiao-yan;SU Ming-jie;CHI Wei;LIU Xiu-ping(Bejing Huilongguan Hospital,Beijing 100096,China)

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院,北京100096

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2022年第4期311-315,共5页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

摘　　要：目的 调查北京某医院近5年收治的儿童青少年患者疾病谱的分布以及临床药物治疗情况。方法 对2016年1月—2020年12月在北京回龙观医院住院治疗的儿童青少年患者出院时的诊断分类及出院当日药物治疗的种类、剂量等进行回顾性分析。结果 ①共纳入1632例患者,调查结果显示,前5位的疾病种类依次为抑郁障碍718例(43.96%)、精神分裂症及相关精神障碍292例(17.89%)、双相情感障碍259例(15.87%)、通常起病于儿童和青少年的情绪障碍147例(9.01%)、强迫障碍91例(5.58%)。②所有患者均进行药物治疗,精神类药物使用频率前5位依次为舍曲林642例、劳拉西泮613例、阿立哌唑525例、喹硫平462例、丙戊酸盐368例。③单一药物治疗患者204例,联合药物治疗患者1428(87.5%)例,以联合使用2种药物(600/36.76%)和3种药物(586/35.90%)治疗为主。结论 该院住院的儿童青少年患者抑郁障碍的发病率逐年上升,新型非典型抗精神病药和抗抑郁药为儿少患者精神障碍的主要治疗药物,治疗方案以联合药物治疗为主,反映了儿少患者精神药物联合治疗互补增效模式。Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and medication of mental diseases among 1632 children and adolescents hospitalized in a hospital in past 5 years. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on children and adolescents who discharged from a hospital from Feb 2016 to Dec 2020,including the disease types, therapeutic drug types, drug doses. Results①A total of 1632 patients were included, and the most five common diseases were depressive disorders(43.96%), schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders(17.89%) and bipolar disorders(15.87%), and obsessive compulsive disorders(5.58%).②All of the patients had psychotropic drugs in their prescriptions, and the top five most commonly used psychotropic drugs were sertraline(642 cases), lorazepam(613 cases), aripiprazole(677 cases), quetiapine(462 cases) and valproate(368 cases).③Patients who use one type therapeutic drug were 204 cases, otherwise 2 types and 3 types combination therapy were major prescription patterns, accounting for 600 cases and 586 cases respectively. Conclusion The morbidity of depressive disorders in children and adolescent were increased during the past 5 years. The novel atypical antipsychotics and antidepressants have become the mainstay for youngsters′ medication therapy. Common application of multiple medications is indicative of the trend in psychotropic prescription.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 精神疾病 住院患者 药物使用 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]