低血糖指数米制食品及其对机体糖代谢的影响  

Low Glycemic Index Rice Food and Its Effect on Glucose Metabolism

作　　者：伍卓婷 程子航 乔冬玲 赵思明[2] 林亲录 张宾佳 WU Zhuoting;CHENG Zihang;QIAO Dongling;ZHAO Siming;LIN Qinlu;ZHANG Binjia(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co Built by Sichuan and Chongqing,College of Fold Science Southwest University 400715,China;College of Food Science and Techinology.Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070.China;College of Bioengineering and Food,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and Byproduct Deep Proessing,Changsha 410004.China)

机构地区：[1]川渝共建特色食品重庆市重点实验室,西南大学食品科学学院,重庆北碚400715 [2]华中农业大学食品科学技术学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]湖北工业大学生物工程与食品学院,湖北武汉430068 [4]稻谷及副产物深加工国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《未来食品科学》2022年第2期58-73,共16页Future Food Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFD0400802)。

摘　　要：随着经济社会的发展,糖代谢紊乱及其关联的高血糖症、2型糖尿病、肥胖症等代谢性疾病已成为严重威胁人类健康的重要因素.健康膳食干预被认为是改善糖代谢和降低代谢性疾病发生风险的有效途径.低血糖生成指数(glycemic index,GI)米制食品具有较低的餐后血糖负担,在调控糖代谢和维持人体健康方面发挥着积极作用.本文综述了低GI米制食品的主要类型和影响GI的关键因素,归纳了低GI米制食品的摄入对机体血糖反应、糖耐量、糖化血红蛋白、胰岛素水平等糖代谢指标的影响.在此基础上,从磷脂酰肌醇3G激酶(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase,PI3K)/蛋白激酶(protein kinase,AKT)通路激活、氧化应激抑制、胰岛素抵抗改善、葡萄糖转运体调节和肠道菌群调节等不同维度,探讨了低GI米制食品改善机体糖代谢的机制,以期为未来低GI米制食品的设计和生产提供理论参考.With economic and social developments,imbalances in glucose metabolism and the associated metabolic diseases(e.g.,hyperglycemia,type 2 diabetes,and obesity)have become the most serious problems threatening human health.Dietary intervention with healthy foods has been an efective way to improve the glucose metabolism and reduce the risk of metabolice diseses.Low glycemic index(GD)rice foods have a low postprandial glycemic burden,and thus play positive roles in regulating the glucose metabolism and in maintaining the human body health.This review surveys the main types of low GI rice fods and related key factors afcting the GI value,and summarizes the effects of low GI rice food intake on the glycemic responser glucose level,glycated hemoglobin(HbAle),insulin resistance and other glucose metabolism indicators.Also,the mechanisms of low GI rice foods to improve the glucose metabolism are discussed from different views.including activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase(AKT)pathway,inhibition of oxidative stress,improvement of insulin resistance,regulation of glucose transporters,and regulation of intestinal flora.The present review provides theoretical and conceptual references for the design and production of low GI rice food in the future.

关 键 词：米制食品 血糖指数 糖代谢 胰岛素水平 通路 

分 类 号：TS213.3[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]