“此心为此道之统宗会元”--程若庸《斛峰书院讲义》的道学旨趣及意义  

The Mind as the Root and Unity of the Dao--The Purport and Significance of Neo-Confucianism of Cheng Ruoyong’s Hufeng Academy Lecture

作　　者：许家星[1] XU Jia-xing(School of Philosophy,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学哲学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期15-23,共9页Journal of Hunan University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(21VGQ018)。

摘　　要：程若庸是宋元之际享有盛誉的理学教育家,他在《斛峰书院讲义》中提出书院的根本宗旨在讲明圣贤之道;并以杨时学以闻道之说为基础,阐明圣贤之道乃全体妙用之道,其根本在于弥纶六合、贯通千古之心;此心是天地体用树立、此道自立自行的前提,是道之统宗会元。他进而指出实现此道的方法在主敬立本,穷理致知,反躬践实,以实践此心此道之全体妙用。就心理关系言,此心此理相即一体,不可偏废,可谓心外无理,理外无心。程若庸高扬了心对于道的能动性,肯定心理一体,但其心并非脱离现实世界的抽象客观精神。程若庸重视默会超然之法,主张全体妙用之学,强调反躬践实,力倡心以统道等思想,在宋元朱子学发展中具有承上启下的作用,是宋元朱子学演变不可或缺的思想环节。Cheng Ruoyong was a famous Neo-Confucianism educator in the Song and Yuan Dynasties.In the Hufeng Academy Lecture, he proposed that the fundamental purpose of the Academy was to clarify the Way of sages. On the basis of the theory of understanding the Way by study advanced by Yangshi, he clarified that the Way of sages is the whole with magic effection. Its root lies in the heart of including the universe and running the ages.This heart is the premise for the independence and action of the Way and the root and unity of the Way. Then it points out that the means to realize this Way is to respect and establish the foundation, explore principles and acquire knowledge, and examine oneself to practice, so as to practice the whole with magic effect. The relationship between the heart and mind are integrated without deviation, It can be said that there is no principle outside the heart and no heart outside the principle.Cheng Ruoyong raised the initiative of the heart for the Way and affirmed their integration, but the heart was not abstract whose objective spirit was not separated from the real world.Cheng Ruoyong attached importance to the method of tacit detachment, advocated the scholarship of the whole with magic effect, emphasized the importance of examining oneself to practice, proposed the thought that heart should dominate the Way. His views plays a connecting role in the development of Zhu Xi learning in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and constitute an indispensable ideological link in the evolution of Zhu Xi learning in the Song and Yuan Dynasties.

关 键 词：程若庸 《斛峰书院讲义》 宋元朱子学 以心统道 

分 类 号：B244.99[哲学宗教—中国哲学]