三种甘草种子蛋白的提取方法、结构及抗氧化活性比较研究  

The comparative study of the extraction method,structure,and antioxidant activities of three Glycyrrhiza seed protein

作　　者：则拉莱·司玛依 帕尔哈提·柔孜 吾哈丽妮萨·麦麦提托合提 古丽米热·阿巴拜克日 邓杰 杨晓君 ZELALAI Simayi;PARHAT Rozi;WUGULINISA Maimaitituoheti;GULIMIRE Ababaikeri;DENG Jie;YANG Xiaojun(College of Food Science and Pharmacy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2022年第18期227-234,共8页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区“天山青年计划”青年博士科技人才培养项目(2019Q074)。

摘　　要：以3种甘草(乌拉尔甘草、胀果甘草及光果甘草)种子为原料,通过水提法、乙醇提取法、醋酸提取法、碱溶酸沉法、磷酸盐缓冲液提取法提取蛋白,以提取率与含量为指标进行比较,选出最佳提取方法。通过红外光谱和扫描电镜分析甘草种子蛋白的结构特征,并通过研究对不同自由基的清除率测定其抗氧化活性。结果表明,水提法较适用于甘草种子蛋白的提取,其蛋白含量分别为36.54、30.80、30.12 mg/mL;3种蛋白的红外光谱均显出了典型的蛋白吸收峰,具有α-螺旋和β-折叠结构;扫描电镜-X射线能谱结果显示,3种甘草种子蛋白均较好地保留了蛋白的纤维结构,并且均含有一定含量的磷元素;当样品质量浓度为1.0 mg/mL时,乌拉尔甘草种子蛋白的清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基的能力与总还原能力均为最高,分别为92.37%、77.30%和2.344,胀果甘草次之,光果甘草为最低。由此可见,甘草种子蛋白具有较高的抗氧化活性。该研究可为深入探究和开发甘草种子资源提供理论依据。Three kinds of Glycyrrhiza(Glycyrrhiza uralensis,Glycyrrhiza inflata,and Glycyrrhiza glabra)seeds were used as raw materials to extract protein by water extraction,ethanol extraction,acetic acid extraction,alkali dissolution and acid precipitation,and PBS extraction.The extraction rate and content were compared to select the best extraction method.The structural characteristics of Glycyrrhiza seed proteins were analyzed by FT-IR and SEM,and their antioxidant activity was determined by studying the scavenging rate of different free radicals.The results showed that the water extraction method was more suitable for extracting protein from Glycyrrhiza seed proteins,and its protein content was 36.54,30.80,and 30.12 mg/mL respectively.The infrared absorption values of the three proteins all showed typical protein absorption peaks,withα-helix andβ-sheet structure.The results of SEM-X ray energy spectrum showed that all the three kinds of Glycyrrhiza seed proteins kept the fiber structure of the protein well,and all contained a certain amount of phosphorus.When the sample concentration was 1.0 mg/mL,the ability of scavenging DPPH radical and·OH radical and total reducing ability of Glycyrrhiza uralensis seed protein were the highest,92.37%,77.30%and 2.344 respectively,followed by Glycyrrhiza inflata and Glycyrrhiza glabra.Therefore,Glycyrrhiza seed proteins had high antioxidant activity.This study could provide a theoretical basis for further research and development of Glycyrrhiza seed resources.

关 键 词：甘草种子 蛋白 提取:结构表征 抗氧化活性 

分 类 号：TS218[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]