西方现代翻译理论探源——西塞罗及罗马文明  

An Exploration on Modern Western Translation Theories:Cicero and Roman Civilization as a Source

作　　者：梁力乔 张莹[1] LIANG Liqiao;ZHANG Ying(Graduate Institute of Interpretation and Translation,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai 200080,China)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学高级翻译学院,上海200080

出　　处：《岭南师范学院学报》2022年第4期74-80,共7页Journal of Lingnan Normal University

摘　　要：西塞罗长期被树立为翻译研究领域重视“意译”的先驱,被奉为西方翻译理论的首创者,学界对他翻译思想的认识形成了代代传抄的“经典化”格局。不过,借助历史、文化和政治等学科研究的成果,对西塞罗翻译思想的经典化认识消解。西塞罗对翻译的贡献不仅仅是将翻译方法总结为直译和意译两种,在罗马文明重视对等的影响下,他的论述已经具备后世对等论的原型。同时,结合罗马文明对外征服的历史理解西塞罗的翻译行为,发现他和当时其他罗马有识之士对外族先进文明的态度,也存在食人主义思想雏形。Cicero has long been established as a pioneer in the field of translation studies who attaches importance to"free translation",and is regarded as the pioneer of Western translation theory,and the academic community has formed a"stereotypical"pattern of his translation ideas,which has been handed down from generation to generation.However,with the help of research findings in historical,cultural and political disciplines,the classical understanding of Cicero’s thoughts on translation has been dissolved.Cicero’s contribution to translation is not only the summary of translation methods as direct and free translation,but under the influence of Roman civilization’s emphasis on equivalence,his statements already possess the prototype of the equivalence theory at later ages.At the same time,understanding the translation behavior of Cicero in the context of the history of Roman civilization’s foreign conquests,it is found that the embryonic form of cannibalism also existed in his and other Roman learned men’s attitudes towards advanced foreign civilizations at that time.

关 键 词：西塞罗 等值论 后殖民主义 文化转向 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]