环黄海海水贝类养殖业的发展现状、瓶颈及对策建议  

Development status,bottlenecks and countermeasures of marine shellfish aquaculture in circum-Yellow-Sea

作　　者：唐皇 戴伟 梁爽 梁健 郭永军 毕相东 Tang Huang;Dai Wei;Liang Shuang;Liang Jian;Guo Yongjun;Bi Xiangdong(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture,College of Fisheries,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300392

出　　处：《天津农学院学报》2022年第3期71-77,共7页Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University

基　　金：天津市重点研发计划项目(19YFZCSN00070);天津市高等学校科技计划重点项目(2020ZD06)。

摘　　要：海水贝类养殖业在环黄海海水养殖业中产量最高。然而,近些年来巨大的经济利益刺激导致近岸海域海水贝类养殖密度过高,加之环黄海近岸海域近期大规模的海洋牧场建设,导致海水贝类赖以生存生长的饵料微藻严重匮乏,同时高强度的牧食压力诱发以超微藻为原因藻种的褐潮灾害连年发生,以及不定期地暴发甲壳、海鞘、棘皮类等海水贝类敌害生物,导致近岸海域养殖贝类减产绝收等事件时有发生,严重危害环黄海海水贝类养殖业的可持续健康发展。针对性地初步制定了应对海水贝类养殖生态灾害的应急处置措施,并科学地提出保障环黄海海水贝类养殖业健康发展的对策及建议。The marine shellfish aquaculture industry has the highest yield in the marine aquaculture industry of circum-YellowSea.However,the huge economic incentives in recent years have led to the high density of marine shellfish culture in the coastal waters,and the recent large-scale construction of marine ranches in the coastal waters of circum-Yellow-Sea has resulted in serious shortage of microalgae for the survival and growth of marine shellfish.Scarcity and high-intensity grazing pressure induced the occurrence of brown tide disasters caused by algae species,and the irregular outbreaks of carapace,ascidians,echinoderms and other marine shellfish hostile organisms lead to the reduction of shellfish in coastal waters.Incidents such as reduced production and no harvest have occurred from time to time,seriously jeopardizing the sustainable and healthy development of the marine shellfish aquaculture industry of circum-Yellow-Sea.The author has initially established targeted emergency response measures for ecological disasters in marine shellfish aquaculture,and scientifically put forward countermeasures and suggestions to ensure the healthy development of marine shellfish aquaculture in circum-Yellow-Sea.

关 键 词：环黄海 海水贝类 褐潮 敌害生物 应急处置 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]