高考语文情境化试题设计理论与实践刍议  

On the Theory and Practice of Situational Test Question Design in Chinese Subject of College Entrance Examination

作　　者：於胜成 胡向东[3] YU Shengcheng;HU Xiangdong(Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;Shenzhen Experimental School,Shenzhen 518028,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院,武汉430079 [2]深圳实验学校,广东深圳518028 [3]华中师范大学测量与评价研究中心,武汉430079

出　　处：《中国考试》2022年第10期47-54,共8页journal of China Examinations

基　　金：2022年度中国教育发展战略学会教育考试专业委员会第二期专项课题“高考(学考)语文命题情境化研究”(jyks2022023)。

摘　　要：高考语文试题的情境不限于社会生活,也包括个人体验和学科认知,这一界定使得高考语文情境化试题在实践中取得了良好的测评效益,遏制了套路化答题和作文宿构等问题,更加聚焦考查学生综合实践能力,也有利于引导教学。情境化试题可能存在公平与效度风险,也可能存在情境与测评对象之间不够适切等问题。通过明确考查点和情境类型,适当调整各类情境配比,增加学科认知情境运用,减少个人化的个人体验情境和具体化的社会生活情境,提升情境设计质量,或可让情境化试题更好发挥立德树人、服务选才、引导教学的核心功能。The situation of test questions in Chinese subject of the college entrance examination is not only limited to social life but also includes personal experience and subject cognition.This theoretical definition makes situational test questions in the Chinese subject of Gaokao obtain evaluation benefits in practice and prevents problems such as routine answers and lack of innovative writing.In other words,it focuses more on examing students’comprehensive practical ability,which is also conducive to guiding teaching and learning.Situational test questions may lack fairness and validity and cause problems such as low relevance between a situation and its test object.It is necessary to clarify examination purposes and situation types,appropriately adjust the proportion of various situations,increase the situational application of subject cognition,and reduce personalized situations and specific social life situations,thus improving the quality of situation design,so that situational test questions better serve the core function of Gaokao in fostering virtue through education,talent selection,and guiding teaching and learning.

关 键 词：高考内容改革 高考语文 高考语文命题 情境化试题 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]