数字轨道地图线路特征分段拟合方法研究  

Segmented fitting method of line features of digital track map

作　　者：袁祎 陈光武 YUAN Yi;CHEN Guangwu(Key Laboratory of Opt-electonic Technology and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;School of Automation and Electrical Engineering Automatic,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Traffic Information Engineering and Control,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学光电技术与智能控制教育部重点实验室,兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学自动化与电气工程学院,兰州730070 [3]甘肃省高原交通信息工程及控制重点实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《铁路计算机应用》2022年第9期7-13,共7页Railway Computer Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61863024);甘肃省科技引导计划项目(2020-61)。

摘　　要：基于全球卫星导航系统(GNSS,Global Navigation Satellite System)的列车定位技术降低了铁路建设与运营的成本,数字轨道地图作为地图匹配方法的基础,通常作为辅助定位手段对卫星定位偏差进行校正,对轨道线形进行准确描述及约简是轨道电子地图构建存储的前提。文章采用方位角近似估计曲率的方法对轨迹平面线形进行初步识别分类,为提高线形的拟合精度,引入自适应权值因子,对最小二乘拟合法进行优化,以消除大偏差观测数据对拟合趋势的影响,从而保证整体轨迹数据的平滑拟合及精度。实测车辆轨迹数据验证表明,该算法可对车辆轨迹线路特征进行有效提取及准确描述。The train positioning technology based on the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)reduces the cost of railway construction and operation.As the basis of map matching method,digital orbit map is usually used as an auxiliary positioning means to correct satellite positioning deviation.Accurate description and reduction of track alignment are the premise of the construction and storage of track electronic map.This paper used the azimuth approximate estimation of curvature to preliminarily identify and classify the track plane alignment.In order to improve the fitting accuracy of the line shape,the paper introduced an adaptive weight factor to optimize the least squares fitting method,and eliminate the influence of large deviation observation data,thereby ensure the smooth fitting and accuracy of the overall trajectory data.The verification of measured vehicle trajectory data shows that the algorithm can effectively extract and accurately describe the characteristics of vehicle trajectory.

关 键 词：全球卫星导航系统(GNSS) 数字轨道地图 平面线形 分段曲线拟合 方位角 

分 类 号：U212.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程] TP39[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]