马克思主义哲学在俄国和苏联演变的历史经验和教训及其启示  

The Historical Experience and Lessons of the Evolution of Marxist Philosophy in Russia and the Soviet Union and its Enlightenment

作　　者：李涛 LI Tao

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院哲学研究所

出　　处：《马克思主义哲学》2022年第4期118-126,128,共10页Marxist Philosophy

摘　　要：马克思主义哲学在俄国和苏联的演变可以划分为两个历史阶段:十月革命之前和十月革命之后。马克思主义哲学在俄国和苏联演变的首要历史经验是:建构了一个影响深远的哲学形态——辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义哲学。另一个重要历史经验是:形成了一种哲学管理体制。同时,苏联马克思主义哲学既取得了不容抹杀的历史成就,也存在着一系列问题和不足。此外,马克思主义哲学在俄国和苏联演变的一个重要教训是:没有划清马克思主义与抽象人道主义的界限。从这些经验和教训中获得启示,有助于中国马克思主义哲学事业的发展。The evolution of Marxist philosophy in Russia and the Soviet Union can be divided into two historical stages: before and after the October Revolution. The primary historical experience of the evolution of Marxist philosophy in Russia and the Soviet Union is that it constructs a far-reaching philosophical formation—— dialectical materialism and historical materialism philosophy.Another important historical experience is the formation of a management system of philosophy. At the same time,Soviet Marxist philosophy has not only achieved historical achievements,but also has a series of problems and deficiencies. In addition,an important lesson is the failure to draw a clear line of demarcation between Marxism and abstract humanism. Enlightenment from these experiences and lessons is helpful to the development of Marxist philosophy in China.

关 键 词：辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义哲学 苏联马克思主义哲学 抽象人道主义 

分 类 号：B507[哲学宗教—外国哲学]