基于轮轨匹配的小曲线轮缘异常磨耗机理与控制措施  

Abnormal flange wear mechanism and control measures for small curve rails considering the wheel/rail matching

作　　者：许自强 董孝卿 彭中彦 陈彪 XU Ziqiang;DONG Xiaoqing;PENG Zhongyan;CHEN Biao(Locomotive and Car Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limitied,Beijing 100081,China;Guangdong Guangzhou-Zhuhai Intercity Rail Transportation Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510335,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司机车车辆研究所,北京100081 [2]广东广珠城际轨道交通有限责任公司,广州510335

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第18期127-133,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划(P2018J001);中国铁道科学研究院基金(2019YJ094,2019YJ162)。

摘　　要：部分城际线路出现了轮缘异常快速磨耗问题,造成车轮频繁镟修,轮对提前报废,极大的增加运营成本,影响运营秩序。为了分析轮缘异常磨耗原因,对城际线路轮轨异常磨耗进行了现场调研,以实测轮轨型面为输入,采用轮轨几何匹配关系、轮轨磨耗分析等方法研究了轮缘异常磨耗机理,并通过现场测试与仿真分析相结合对轮缘减磨措施效果进行了分析。结果表明,在长期运用中个别线路的小曲线钢轨轨头型面严重偏磨,廓形偏离初始设计,车轮廓形与磨耗钢轨严重不匹配,轮缘出现快速磨耗,且轮缘外形与严重磨耗钢轨廓形接近,逐渐形成共形磨耗。通过现场测试分析发现:为了降低动车组轮缘磨耗速率,建议优先对钢轨打磨恢复钢轨设计廓形,同时采取轮轨润滑措施,可显著降低轮缘磨耗;其次采用车辆定期换端运行、轮轨型面优化等措施。Some intercity lines have suffered from abnormal rapid wheel flange wear,which not only causes frequent wheel re-profile,but also leads early scrapping of wheelsets,and thus greatly increases the operation cost and affects the operation order.In order to analyze the cause of abnormal wheel flange wear,the abnormal wear of the wheel and rail on intercity railway was investigated and tested.Taking the measured wheel rail profile as the input,the mechanism of wheel flange abnormal wear was studied by combined use of the methods of geometric matching,wheel rail contact analysis and others,and the control measures of wheel flange wear were studied through field test and simulation analysis.The results indicate that the rail head profile of small curve rails is seriously weakened and deviates from the designed rail profile in individual lines after long-term operation.The unmatching of wheel and rail profiles will lead the wheel flange appear rapid wear,moreover,the profile of wheel flange is gradually close to that of severely worn rail,which forms conformal wear.In order to reduce the wheel flange wear rate of the intercity EMU,it is suggested that priority should be given to rail grinding to restore the designed rail profile and wheel/rail lubrication measures next,regular turn around operation,wheel and rail profile optimization and other measures should be adopted.

关 键 词：轮缘磨耗 现场试验 小曲线 轮轨匹配 减磨措施 

分 类 号：U266.2[机械工程—车辆工程]