滇蛙两个种群遗传损伤及黑色素细胞免疫的水环境适应性  

Genetic Damage and Adaptation of Melanocyte Immunity to Water Environment in Two Populations of Nidirana Pleuraden

作　　者：王延辉 何豪 戴金洪 敬凯 WANG Yanhui;HE Hao;DAI Jinhong;JING Kai(School of Life Sciences,Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy,Ministry of Education,Key Lab of Yunnan Province for Biomass Energy and Environmental Biotechnology,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学生命科学学院,生物能源持续开发利用教育部工程研究中心,云南省生物质能与环境生物技术重点实验室,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期62-67,共6页Journal of Yunnan Normal University:Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：环境保护部生物多样性保护专项资助项目。

摘　　要：为研究水环境对两栖动物的遗传毒理效应以及蛙类的免疫适应性,对云南省陆良县小百户镇和三岔河镇两个人类活动强度不同栖息地的滇蛙(Nidirana pleuraden)血细胞微核率、肝脏和脾脏黑色素巨噬细胞中心(MMCs)数量及面积进行了研究.结果表明,两个种群滇蛙的血液中均有不同数量血细胞出现微核.无论成体还是蝌蚪,三岔河种群的血细胞微核率均极显著高于小百户种群.三岔河种群部分个体肝组织出现空泡化,肝脏和脾脏的MMCs数量和面积均极显著大于小百户种群;成体及蝌蚪的血细胞微核率、肝脏和脾脏的MMCs均与水环境因子中的电导率呈显著正相关关系.这显示电导率所代表的水体溶解物增加使滇蛙细胞DNA损伤增大,同时黑色素细胞免疫响应也相应出现增强,以此适应人类活动造成的水环境变化,维持种群的生存.In order to understand the genetic toxicological effects of water environment on amphibians and the immune adaptability of frogs, the micronucleus rate of blood cells, the number and area of melanin-macrophage centers(MMCs) in liver and spleen of Nidirana pleuraden were studied in Xiaobaihu and Sanchahe of Luliang County, Yunnan Province.The results showed that there were micronucleuses in blood cells of different numbers of individuals.The micronucleus rate of blood cells in Sanchahe population was significantly higher than that in Xiaobaihu population, both in adults and tadpoles.The liver tissues of some individuals in Sanchahe population were vacuolated, and the number and area of MMCs in liver and spleen were significantly higher than those in Xiaobaihu population.The micronucleus rate of blood cells in adults and tadpoles, and MMCs in liver and spleen were significantly positively correlated with the electrical conductivity of water environmental factors.The results showed that the increase of dissolved substances in water increased the DNA damage of Nidirana pleuraden cells, and the immune response of melanocytes was enhanced accordingly, so as to adapt to the changes of water environment caused by human activities and maintain the survival of population.

关 键 词：两栖动物 水环境 微核率 黑色素巨噬细胞中心 

分 类 号：Q959.53[生物学—动物学] X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]