直肠癌新辅助放疗研究进展  

Advances in neoadjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer

作　　者：赵亚茹 乔文波[1] ZHAO Yaru;QIAO Wenbo(Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital,Heilongjiang Harbin 150081,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属肿瘤医院,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《现代肿瘤医学》2022年第19期3614-3617,共4页Journal of Modern Oncology

基　　金：海燕科研基金(编号:JJZD2016-04)。

摘　　要：在过去的近40年里,直肠癌的治疗方案逐渐标准化。大多数早期直肠癌患者仅通过手术即可得到充分的治疗。然而,相当比例的直肠癌患者处于局部进展期,此类患者需要行新辅助治疗。直肠癌的新辅助放射治疗已被证明能有效地降低患者术前肿瘤分期、改善患者生存以及降低直肠癌局部复发率等,随之而来的是患者放疗后出现的不同程度的放疗不良反应,但随着放射治疗规范化、放射治疗技术及设备的改进,放疗不良反应严重程度在逐渐降低。本文就新辅助放疗中的放疗方案的选择、放射治疗技术、放疗不良反应、放疗后的手术时间以及放疗后的观察与等待等问题的最新研究进展进行了系统性的综述,从而为临床直肠癌新辅助治疗提供有力依据。In the past 40 years,the treatment of rectal cancer has been gradually standardized.Most patients with early rectal cancer can get adequate treatment only through surgery.However,a considerable proportion of patients with rectal cancer are in local progression,and such patients need neoadjuvant therapy.Neoadjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer has been proved to be effective in reducing the preoperative tumor staging,improving the survival of patients and reducing the local recurrence rate of rectal cancer,followed by different degrees of adverse reactions after radiotherapy.However,with the standardization of radiotherapy and the improvement of radiotherapy technology and equipment,the severity of adverse reactions is gradually decreasing.In this paper,the latest research progress of neoadjuvant radiotherapy in the selection of radiotherapy scheme,radiotherapy technology,adverse reactions of radiotherapy,operation time after radiotherapy and observation and waiting after radiotherapy were systematically reviewed,so as to provide a strong basis for clinical neoadjuvant treatment of rectal cancer.

关 键 词：直肠癌 新辅助放疗 放射治疗技术 放疗不良反应 观察和等待 

分 类 号：R735.3[医药卫生—肿瘤]