类书、诗风与科举:《文选》李善注与五臣注的生成理路  

Classical Books,Poetic Style,and the Imperial Examination:The Generative Rationale of Annotations of The Anthology by Li Shan and the Five Ministers

作　　者：钱振宇 Qian Zhenyu

机构地区：[1]河南大学文学院国学研究所,河南开封475001

出　　处：《河南大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期75-80,154,共7页Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“《文选》汇校汇注”(14ZDB067)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《文选》李善注和五臣注是唐代《文选》注释的两部名著。在中国注释学史上,李善注以鲜明的“征寻语源”式注释凸显着其创新性发展。初唐类书《艺文类聚》“撰其事且文”的编纂方式、诗歌重“事”的创作时风是《文选》李善注“征寻语源”式注释生成的触媒与深层文化背景。初唐君主对《文选》的推崇、李善师从曹宪研读《文选》的经历及知识构成等因素,促成了李善“征寻语源”式注释的对象是《文选》而非他书。《文选》成为唐代科举教科书后,虽然李善在讲学过程中有意增加“意义”的阐释,但始终未能真正突破自己的注释理念,故时代呼唤《文选》新注本,五臣注应运而生。五臣注刻意回避了“征寻语源”式注释,有意向唐前注释学传统回归,更加契合一般知识阶层应对科举考试的期待视野,遂广为流行。类书、诗风与科举,表征着唐代《文选》注释的生成理路。Annotation of The Anthologyby Li Shan and annotation of Anthology by Lv Yanji,Lv Xiang,Liu Liang,Li Zhouhan and Zhang Xian are two famous works of annotations of The Anthology in the Tang Dynasty.In the history of Chinese exegesis,annotation of The Anthology by Li Shan shows distinctively innovative feature with its intention of“finding the original sources of words”.The codification method of the early Tang book The Collectanea,which“combines the allusion with literary works”,and the style of poetry creation,which emphasized“allusions”,were the catalysts and deep cultural backgrounds for the creation of Li Shan’s style of“finding the original sources of words”.Praising of The Anthology by monarchs in the early Tang Dynasty and the fact that Li Shan studied The Anthology under the guidance of Cao Xian,together with other factors,made it possible that it was The Anthology other than other works that used the annotative style of“finding the original sources of words”.After The Anthologybecame a textbook for the imperial examinations in the Tang Dynasty,although Li Shan intended to increase the interpretation of“meaning”in the course of his lectures,he never really broke through his own exegetical philosophy,so the times called for a new commentary on The Anthology,and annotation of“anthology”by Lv Yanji,Lv Xiang,Liu Liang,Li Zhouhan and Zhang Xian was born in response to the need.Annotation of The Anthology by Lv Yanji,Lv Xiang,Liu Liang,Li Zhouhan and Zhang Xian deliberately avoided the“finding the original sources of words”style of exegesis and was intended to be a return to the pre-Tang exegetical tradition,which was more in line with the expectations of the general intellectual class for the imperial examinations and thus became popular.The classical books,poetic style and the imperial examinations characterize the generative path of the annotations of the The Anthology in the Tang Dynasty.

关 键 词：《文选》 李善注 五臣注 类书 诗风 科举 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]