“吃食堂”新解:基于认知语法和文化图式的阐释  

“Chi shitang”revisited:An account based on Cognitive Grammar and cultural schema

作　　者：张翼[1] ZHANG Yi

机构地区：[1]南京大学外国语学院,210023

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2022年第5期73-82,共10页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“汉英语义—句法界面的认知对比研究”(项目编号:18BYY013)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：认知语言学认为“吃食堂”结构具有概念语义层面的理据。认知语法的基线/加工模式提供了一种语义分析的工具,可以阐释“吃食堂”构式的用法。“吃食堂”的使用情境强调了一种规约化的生活方式。“吃”激活了包含情境内容的基线。在食堂就餐的行为在基线中具有很强的可及性,使得“食堂”可以对其中的凸显成分展开加工。这种就餐方式构成了一种文化图式,虽然随着时代的变迁会发生改变,但始终具有明显的规约性。认知语法的理论工具也为考察语言结构的文化基础提供了一种可能。Cognitive Linguistics holds that the structure of“chi shitang”(吃食堂)has motivations in conceptual semantics.The baseline/elaboration organization in Cognitive Grammar provides a tool of semantic analysis and explains the usage of the“chi shitang”construction.The construction has to be used in a situation that emphasizes the dining practice as a conventional lifestyle.Chi‘eat’invokes a baseline situation in which the practice has strong accessibility,so that shitang‘canteen’can elaborate a salient part in the baseline.The dining practice constitutes a cultural schema.Although the schema has undergone changes with the development of time,its conventionality remains a salient feature.The theoretical tool of Cognitive Grammar provides a new possibility to investigate the cultural foundation of linguistic structures.

关 键 词：吃食堂 认知语法 基线/加工 文化图式 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]