精密三角高程测量在跨河水准测量中的应用  

Application of precise triangulation elevation survey in cross-river leveling

作　　者：牛国华 沈忱 李兴 吴江华 华锦鹏 李芃炜 NIU Guohua;SHEN Chen;LI Xing;WU Jianghua;HUA Jinpeng;LI Pengwei(Beijing Dadi Hongtu Survey Technology Company Limited,Beijing 100716,China;Beijing Metro Construction Facilities Maintenance Company Limited,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大地宏图勘测科技有限公司,北京100176 [2]北京地铁建筑设施维护有限公司,北京100085

出　　处：《北京测绘》2022年第8期1108-1112,共5页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：科技部创新工作方法专项(2020IM020500)。

摘　　要：在进行二等水准测量时,当水准路线跨越河流、湖泊,按照《国家一、二等水准测量规范》通常采用跨河水准测量的方法施测。其中测距三角高程法因其作业灵活、跨越长度长(100~3 500 m)、效率显著等优势而得到广泛应用。随着高精度测量机器人的出现,使得精密三角高程测量在跨河水准测量中的应用得以实现。本文根据精密三角高程测量的原理,通过双向观测减弱大气折光的影响,采用多测回测角测距观测程序自动照准测量,缩短了观测时间,提高了测量精度。通过跨越永定河高程连测的实际应用,解算结果表明,该方法能够达到二等水准测量的精度要求,且工作效率有了很大的提高。该方法对跨河水准测量具有一定的推广应用价值。When conducting second-class leveling,the level route crosses rivers and lakes,the cross-river leveling method was usually adopted according to the National First and Second Class Level Survey Standards.Among them,the distance measurement triangle elevation method was widely used due to its flexible operation,long span length(100~3500 m),and significant efficiency.With the emergence of high-precision measurement robot,the application of precision triangle elevation measurement in cross-river leveling measurement was realized.According to the principle of precision triangle elevation measurement,the influence of atmospheric refraction was weakened by two-way observation,and the multi-measurement angle distance observation program was applied to automatically measure measurement,which shortened the observation time and improved the measurement accuracy.Through the practical application of continuous elevation measurement across Yongding River,the solution calculation results showed that the proposed method could meet the accuracy requirements of second-class level measurement,and the work efficiency was greatly improved and had some value for cross-river leveling.

关 键 词：跨河水准测量 精密三角高程测量 测量机器人 多测回测角测距观测程序 桥梁结构监测 

分 类 号：P258[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]