高海拔地区双孢蘑菇培养料发酵隧道设计、建造与应用  

Design, Construction and Application of Compost Fermentation Tunnel of Agaricus bisporus in High Altitude Area

作　　者：任爱民[1] 张德宝 朱子雄 耿新军[1] 王晓巍[1] REN Ai-min;ZHANG De-bao;ZHU Zi-xiong;GEN Xin-jun;WANG Xiao-wei(Institute of Vegetable,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science,Lanzhou 730070,China;Shandong Cemai Automation Equipment Co.Ltd.,Liaocheng 252200,China;Gansu Yiquan Xinhe Agricultural S&T Development Co.Ltd.,Jinchang 737200,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]山东科迈自动化设备有限公司公司,山东聊城252200 [3]甘肃怡泉新禾农业科技发展有限公司,甘肃金昌737200

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2022年第9期86-92,共7页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-20);甘肃省农科院食用菌遗传育种与高效栽培学科团队(2017GAAS32)。

摘　　要：针对双孢蘑菇培养料传统室外发酵温度不可控、发酵理化性质差、栽培产量低等问题,设计建造适合高海拔低温地区的培养料发酵隧道生产设施。通过阐述一次发酵、二次发酵隧道整体结构和工作原理,对发酵料仓、地下送风管、进回风系统、控制系统关键部位进行设计。发酵试验与应用结果表明,一次发酵、二次发酵温度均易于控制,能够达到不同发酵阶段的温度需求。通过试验提出了隧道发酵中合理的风机运行控制参数,该条件下发酵后培养料含氮量为2.2%~2.4%、灰分为25%~30%、含水量为67%~69%、pH为7.5~7.8,理化性状优良,栽培产量达到25 kg·m^(-2),该设施适宜高海拔地区双孢蘑菇培养料工业化规模生产。Aiming at the problem of the traditional outdoor compost of Agaricus bisporus, such as the uncontrollable fermentation temperature, the poor fermentation physicochemical properties and the low yield, a production facility for the fermentation tunnel which was suitable for the cold areas at high altitude was designed and constructed. By expounding the integral structure and working principle of the primary and secondary fermentation tunnel, meanwhile, the fermentation silo, the underground air supply pipe, inlet and return air system, and the key parts of control system were designed and analyzed. The fermentation test and application results showed that the temperature of the primary and secondary fermentation are easy to control, which could achieve the temperature requirements of different fermentation phase. The reasonable running control parameters for draught fan in tunnel fermentation are proposed through the test. Under these conditions, the nitrogen content of conpost was 2.2%-2.4%,ash content was 25%-30%, pH was 7.5%-7.8%, water content was 67%-69%, the physicochemical properties of compost are excellent and yield reached to 25 kg·m^(-2). The facility was suitable for A. bisporus compose production in industrial scale at high altitude areas.

关 键 词：设计 建造 双孢蘑菇 发酵隧道 高海拔地区 一次发酵 二次发酵 

分 类 号：S646.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]