电动螺旋桨飞机舱内噪声特性分析及优化  

Analysis and Optimization of Cabin Noise Characteristics of Electric Propeller Aircraft

作　　者：王志 梁泽广 王赫鸣 刘远强 项松 WANG Zhi;LIANG Ze-guang;WANG He-ming;LIU Yuan-qiang;XIANG Song(College of Aero-engine,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China;Liaoning Ruixiang General Aircraft Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学航空发动机学院,沈阳110136 [2]辽宁锐翔通用飞机制造有限公司,沈阳110136

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2022年第25期11005-11011,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅重点攻关类项目(JYT2020158)。

摘　　要：电动螺旋桨飞机运行中机舱内噪声,严重影响驾驶员和乘客乘坐的舒适性,因而对其舱内噪声特性研究十分必要。以某型电动螺旋桨飞机为研究对象,对其运用大涡模拟计算螺旋桨旋转产生的气动噪声并将其作为舱内噪声的边界条件,采用有限元法(finite element method,FEM)、边界元法(boundary element method,BEM)耦合理论得到封闭声腔下舱内声振耦合声场分布,通过试验场点与数值场点来对比验证。研究表明,随着螺旋桨转速升高,在飞机的头部和尾部处声压级较高,舱内场点总声压级试验结果与数值计算结果非常吻合,在飞机巡航时人耳处总声压级最大误差为3.6%。以人耳处A计权为目标值,通过响应面法优化飞机舱内噪声,建立了人耳处总声压级(计权A)与各个试验因素(材料、厚度、特征角)之间二次方模型,结果显示人耳处总声压级(计权A)降低了12 dB。证明了计算电动螺旋桨飞机舱内噪声方法的准确性,为舱内噪声优化提供了一种简单有效的方法。The noise in the cabin of electric propeller aircraft seriously affects the comfort of pilots and passengers,so it is very necessary to study the noise characteristics in the cabin.A certain type of electric propeller aircraft was taken as the research object.Large eddy simulation was used to calculate the aerodynamic noise generated by propeller rotation and it was taken as the boundary condition of the noise in the cabin.Finite element method(FEM)and boundary element method(BEM)coupling theory were used to obtain the acoustic-vibration coupling sound field distribution in the cabin under the closed acoustic cavity,and the experimental field points and numerical field points were compared and verified.The results show that with the increase of propeller speed,the sound pressure level(SPL)at the head and tail of the aircraft is higher,and the test results of the total SPL in the cabin are in good agreement with the numerical results,and the maximum error of the SPL at the human ear is 3.6%in the cruising condition.A quadratic model between the total sound pressure level(weight A)at the human ear and various test factors(material,thickness and feature angle)was established by using response surface method to optimize the noise inside the aircraft with weight A as the target value.The results show that the total sound pressure level(weight A)at the human ear decreases by 12 dB.It is proven that the calculation method of cabin noise of electric propeller aircraft is accurate and a simple and effective method is provided for cabin noise optimization.

关 键 词：电动螺旋桨飞机 气动噪声 模态分析 声振耦合 响应面 

分 类 号：TH212[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH213.3