基于CFD水冷式牵引电机不同工况下温度场分析  

Temperature Field Analysis of the Water-Cooled Traction Motor Under Different Working Conditions Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics

作　　者：王景妍[1] 李秀芬[1] 张永学[1] 王康 WANG Jing-yan;LI Xiu-fen;ZHANG Yong-xue;WANG Kang(School of Transportation,Huanghe Science and Technology College,He'nan Zhengzhou 450064,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河科技学院交通学院,河南郑州450064

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2022年第10期196-200,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：河南省新能源物流车应用与发展研究(192400410223)。

摘　　要：水冷式牵引电机的功率密度大且具备较强的短时过载能力,被广泛应用于工程重载车辆中。针对牵引电机冷却系统的耦合传热现象进行建模分析。根据水冷式牵引电机结构特点和冷却系统需要,基于CFD建立牵引电机冷却系统的流固耦合传热模型,对冷却系统内的流场耦合进行分析;选取稳态工况进行流场分析,获取电机各部分的温度场分布;选取瞬态极限工况的停机、过载等进行分析,获取牵引电机的过载能力,以此判断系统的可靠性。结果可知:在牵引电机各组件中,绕组损耗影响更大,其温度升高的最高值与冷却液初始温度成正相关;在以峰值功率过载运行时,电机运行360s左右即达到温升限值,冷却流量在6L/min至30L/min范围内时,冷却流量对短时过载性能的影响并不明显;试验结果与模型结果温度变化趋势一致,电机绕组的温度最高,误差也控制在10%以内,表明所建模型的准确性与可靠性。为此类牵引电机冷却系统设计提供重要参考。The water-cooled traction motor has a large power density and a strong short-term overload capacity,which is widely used in engineering heavy-duty vehicles.The coupled heat transfer phenomenon of the traction motor cooling system was modeled and analyzed.According to the structural characteristics of the water-cooled traction motor and the needs of the cooling system,the fluid-solid coupling heat transfer model of the traction motor cooling system was established based on computational fluid dynamics(CFD),the flow field coupling in the cooling system was analyzed.The steady state operating conditions were selected to analyze the flow field,and the temperature field distribution of each part of the motor was obtained.The transient limit conditions of shutdown,overload,etc.were selected to analyze,and the overload capacity of the traction motor was obtained to judge the reliability of the system.The results show that among the components of the traction motor,the winding loss has a greater influence,and the maximum value of its temperature increase is positively related to the initial temperature of the coolant.When operating with peak power overload,the motor reaches the temperature rise limit in about 360 seconds,and when the cooling flow is in the range of 6L/min to 30L/min,the impact of the cooling flow on the short-term overload performance is not obvious.The temperature change trend of the test results is consistent with the model results.The temperature of the motor winding is the highest,and the error is controlled within 10%,which shows the accuracy and reliability of the model.Those provide important reference for the design of traction motor cooling system.

关 键 词：工程车辆 牵引电机 水冷 温度场 流固热耦合模型 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] U463.212[机械工程—车辆工程]