西南崖墓建筑史学研究价值再认识  

Re-recognizing the Historical Research Value of Southwestern Chinese Cliff Tombs

作　　者：冯棣[1] 康纤星晨 陈晓宁 FENG Di;KANG Xianxingchen;CHEN Xiaoning

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院 [2]成都文物考古研究院

出　　处：《建筑史学刊》2022年第3期154-163,共10页Journal of Architectural History

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“西南汉代崖墓中的早期木构建筑信息抢救性研究”(51678085);教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“东汉西南经略背景下巴蜀建筑文化多元性研究”(21XJAZH001)。

摘　　要：崖墓是东汉时期西南地区常见的一种墓葬,以凿山为室的方式在崖壁上获得空间,并以仿木构形式处理墓室。约百年前西方学者掀起了中国西南崖墓的考古热潮,将其是居所还是墓葬之辨推进到将其视为独立的建筑类型进行研究,随后中国营造学社在西南工作逾八年,将崖墓从乡土史纳入国家学科史进行研究。基于前人的研究成果,本文以崖墓群所共处的结构危机为背景,从崖墓与汉代建筑史研究、新史料的发掘、岩凿结构与石仿木认知等方面,对西南崖墓的建筑史学价值进行研究和再认识。Cliff tombs were common in southwestern China during the Eastern Han dynasty.The tombs were carved into the rock face and decorated with details imitating the timber construction system of buildings aboveground.About a century ago,Western scholars launched an archaeological survey of rock-cut tombs in southwestern China.As a result,the understanding of cliff tombs advanced from the simple distinction between residence and tomb to their recognition as an independent architectural type.Afterwards,the members of the Zhongguo Yingzao Xueshe(Society for Research in Chinese Architecture),who had worked in southwestern China for more than eight years,propagated the value of cliff tombs for the study of national(not just local)history.Based on previous research and the common structural problems shared by all cliff tombs,this paper reevaluates southwestern Chinese cliff tombs in terms of their importance for the architectural history of the Han dynasty,the discovery of new historical material,the recognition of rock-cut structures,and the phenomenon of mimicking wooden architecture in stone.

关 键 词：崖墓 岩凿建筑 汉代建筑史 石仿木 

分 类 号：TU-09[建筑科学—建筑理论]