大型三维地质力学模型试验系统研制及其应用研究  

Development and Application of a Large-Scale Three-Dimensional Geomechanical Model Test System

作　　者：王军祥 胡开恩 郭连军 寇海军 李林 崔宁坤 WANG Junxiang;HU Kai′en;GUO Lianjun;KOU Haijun;LI Lin;CUI Ningkun(School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,Liaoning,China;The Fifth Engineering Co.,Ltd.of China Railway 19th Bureau Group,Dalian 116100,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学建筑与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110870 [2]中铁十九局集团第五工程有限公司,辽宁大连116100

出　　处：《隧道建设（中英文）》2022年第9期1546-1560,共15页Tunnel Construction

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51974187);辽宁省自然科学基金(2019-MS-242);辽宁省教育厅重点攻关项目(LZGD2020004);沈阳工业大学重点科研基金项目(ZDZRGD2020005)。

摘　　要：为研究泥灰岩隧道开挖诱发突涌水灾害机制及信息演化规律,以兰州至海口国家高速公路秦峪隧道为工程依托,研制泥灰岩隧道围岩相似材料,研发大型隧道突涌水三维地质力学模型试验系统。该系统可实现低频周期循环加卸载、数据自动化采集,可提供稳定水压加载,基于Python编程语言开发了隧道突涌水灾害预警系统,在此基础上开展泥灰岩隧道突涌水灾害演化过程模型试验。研究结果表明:(1)隧道开挖扰动会破坏围岩压力与渗透水压力之间的平衡,致使隔水围岩内产生微裂隙并扩展贯通,进而发生突涌水现象;(2)当发生突涌水现象时,隔水围岩压力、渗透水压力及位移均会发生明显的突变现象,围岩压力及渗透水压力最大释放率分别为18.6%、73.35%,最大位移量为0.18 mm;(3)泥灰岩相似材料能够较好地满足试验需求,证明了隧道突涌水三维地质力学模型试验系统的稳定性及可靠性。To investigate the water inrush disaster mechanism of tunnel excavation in marlite and the information evolution law,a case study is conducted on the Qinyu tunnel of the Lanzhou-Haikou National Expressway,and similar material of marlite tunnel surrounding rock is developed.Then,a large-scale tunnel water inrush three-dimensional geomechanical model test system is developed to achieve low-frequency periodic loading and unloading,automatic data collection,and stable water pressure loading.Furthermore,an early warning system for tunnel water inrush disaster is developed using the Python programming language,based on which the model test of the evolution process of water inrush disaster in marlite tunnel is performed.The research results show the following:(1)The tunnel excavation disturbance will destroy the balance between the pressure of the surrounding rock and that of seepage water,causing micro-fissures in the surrounding rock to expand and penetrate,and the water inrush phenomenon is caused further.(2)When water inrush occurs,the pressure,seepage water pressure,and displacement of the water-resisting surrounding rock will show an obvious sudden change;the maximum release rates of surrounding rock pressure and seepage water pressure are 18.6%and 73.35%,respectively,and the maximum displacement is 0.18 mm.(3)The similar materials of marlite can better meet the test requirements,as well as the stability and reliability of the three-dimensional geomechanical model test system for tunnel water inrush.

关 键 词：隧道 泥灰岩 模型试验 相似材料 突水机制 灾害预警 地质力学模型试验系统 

分 类 号：U455[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]