城市土壤微生物多样性研究进展  

An overview of advances in soil microbial diversity of urban environment

作　　者：闫冰 陆晴 夏嵩[1] 李俊生 Bing Yan;Qing Lu;Song Xia;Junsheng Li(Institute of Energy Research,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang 330096;Faculty of Geomatics,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013;China Geological Survey Bureau,Command Center for Comprehensive Survey of Natural Resources,Beijing 100055)

机构地区：[1]江西省科学院能源研究所,南昌330096 [2]东华理工大学测绘工程学院,南昌330013 [3]中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心,北京100055

出　　处：《生物多样性》2022年第8期187-200,共14页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：北京市生物多样性观测、调查及评估项目(PXM2021_030102_000008-JH001-XM001);江西省自然科学基金(20212BAB213042)。

摘　　要：城市化对生物多样性的影响是当前生态学研究的热点之一,引起了人们的广泛关注。土壤微生物多样性是城市生物多样性的重要组成部分,对维持城市生态系统的健康稳定具有重要意义和作用。近年来,已有研究关注城市土壤微生物群落结构及多样性,回答了一些关键问题,但缺乏系统的总结与论述。基于此,本文分析了城市化对土壤微生物特性、群落组成、功能和多样性的影响,总结了影响城市土壤微生物多样性的主要因素,发现城市化改变了土壤微生物组成和功能,并且对细菌和真菌多样性的影响存在差异,城市环境因子通过直接和间接作用共同影响土壤微生物多样性。进一步探讨了城市土壤微生物多样性的维持与保护,并对今后城市土壤微生物研究需要关注的问题进行了展望,包括:(1)城市化对城市绿地土壤微生物多样性的影响机制;(2)城市土壤微生物多样性变化对生态系统多功能性的影响;(3)土壤微生物多样性与人类健康的关系。以期为城市土壤生物多样性保护研究提供参考。Background&Aims:The impact of urbanization on biodiversity is one of the hotspot issues of ecology,which has attracted extensive attention.Soil microorganisms are the key driver of ecosystem process,which is very important in the exertion of ecosystem function and the provision of ecosystem services.Soil microbial diversity as an important part of urban biodiversity play vital roles in maintaining the health and stability of urban ecosystem.In recent years,studies have focused on the structure and diversity of urban soil microbial community and addressed some key questions,but the related systematic summary and discussion remains limited.Progresses:Here we analyzed the impact of urbanization on soil microbial characteristics,community composition,function and diversity.Then we summarized the main factors affecting urban soil microbial diversity.We found that urbanization has changed the community composition and function of soil microorganisms,and had different impacts on bacterial and fungal diversities.Urban environmental factors affected soil microbial diversity through direct and indirect effects.Prospects:We discussed the maintaining mechanisms and protection of urban soil microbial diversity.Finally we highlighted the questions needing attention in the future research of urban soil microorganisms.We recommend that future researches need focus on(1)influence mechanism of urbanization on soil microbial diversity in urban green space;(2)effects of microbial diversity change in urban soil on ecosystem multi-function;and(3)relationship between soil microbial diversity and human health.This could provide guidance for the protection of urban soil biodiversity.

关 键 词：城市化 土壤微生物 微生物多样性 环境因子 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]