河北滨海盐碱地苜蓿营养品质对秋眠等级和茬次的响应  

Response of alfalfa nutritional quality to fall dormancy level and harvest time in the coastal alkali-saline region of Hebei Province

作　　者：王士超 方栋 李晓林 韩立朴[1,2] WANG Shichao;FANG Dong;LI Xiaolin;HAN Lipu(Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050022,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心/河北省土壤生态学重点实验室/中国科学院农业水资源重点实验室石家庄,050022 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2022年第10期1630-1637,共8页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(19226411D);河北省自然科学基金项目(C2021503019);中国科学院科技服务网络计划项目(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-076)资助。

摘　　要：种植苜蓿是盐碱地资源高效利用的重要方式,对保障我国饲料粮安全具有重要意义,但苜蓿营养品质对秋眠型和刈割茬次及其交互作用的响应关系尚不明确。本研究旨在探讨河北滨海盐碱地秋眠型、刈割茬次及其交互作用对苜蓿营养品质的影响。试验选择5个秋眠型(极秋眠型、秋眠型、半秋眠型、非秋眠型和极非秋眠型)共计40个苜蓿品种和6个刈割茬次开展研究。研究发现:1)苜蓿粗蛋白产量受秋眠等级和刈割茬次及其交互作用的影响(P≤0.05),其中极秋眠型苜蓿年总粗蛋白产量最高,比半秋眠型增加14.5%。除第5茬秋眠型处理间苜蓿粗蛋白产量有显著性差异(P<0.05),其他茬次均无显著差异。2)随着刈割茬次的递增,苜蓿粗蛋白含量呈先上升后下降的趋势,其中第6茬极秋眠型苜蓿粗蛋白含量为21.5%,显著高于非秋眠型(P<0.05)。3)秋眠型对第1茬苜蓿中性洗涤纤维含量影响显著(P<0.05),最高的中性洗涤纤维含量出现在极秋眠型。4)秋眠型和刈割茬次及其交互作用对苜蓿相对饲喂价值影响显著(P<0.05);最高苜蓿相对饲喂价值出现在第4茬;极非秋眠型第1茬苜蓿相对饲喂价值为165.3,显著高于极秋眠型(P<0.05)。综上所述,在滨海盐碱区苜蓿营养品质受秋眠型和刈割茬次的影响,特别在气温较低条件下的头茬和末茬苜蓿,弱秋眠性苜蓿第2~4茬具有较高的饲用潜力。Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)is an important forage crop with high protein content.Alfalfa cultivation is a predominant method for high-efficiency utilization of saline-alkali land and can help ensure feed grain security.Alfalfa productivity in coastal sa-line-alkali land is typically constrained by factors such as freshwater shortage and high salinity levels,leading to a decrease in the nutritional quality of alfalfa forage.Although alfalfa yield did not show a strong relationship with fall dormancy type in moderate climatic regions,nutritive quality could be correlated.Reasonable harvest management is integral to achieving a high forage quality in alfalfa.Therefore,the aim of the current study was to explore the effects of fall dormancy types,harvest times,and their interaction on forage quality in saline-alkali soils.A field experiment was conducted in the coastal saline-alkali region of Hebei Province.The treatments comprised five fall dormancy types with 40 alfalfa cultivars(extreme fall dormancy,fall dormancy,semi-fall dormancy,non-fall dormancy,and extreme non-fall dormancy)and six harvest times.We found that the following results:1)The total annual yield of crude protein(CP)was significantly affected by fall dormancy type and harvest time(P<0.05).The highest total annual CP yield was obtained in the extreme fall dormancy treatment and was 14.5%higher than that in the semi-fall dormancy treatment.The CP yield of the fifth harvest differed significantly among different fall dormancy types,whereas the fall dormancy type had no obvious effects on the CP yield of crude protein at other harvest times.2)The CP content initially increased and then decreased with increase in harvest time.Fall dormancy had a significant effect on CP content at the sixth harvest,when the highest value for CP content(21.5%)was observed in the extreme fall dormancy treatment and was higher than that in the non-fall dormancy treatment.3)After the first harvest,the fall dormancy type had significant effects on neutral detergent fiber(NDF)

关 键 词：滨海盐碱地 苜蓿 秋眠等级 茬次 营养品质 

分 类 号：S276.7[农业科学—农业水土工程]