热脱附对有机氯农药污染土壤微生物响应效应  

Microbial Response Effects of Thermal Desorption in Organochlorine Pesticide-contaminated Soil

作　　者：贾秀雯 王盼盼 张娟 史怡 刘文菊 曹云者 JIA Xiuwen;WANG Panpan;ZHANG Juan;SHI Yi;LIU Wenju;CAO Yunzhe(Technical Centre for Soil,Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100012,China;State Key Lab of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science,Beijing 100012,China;Key Lab of Ecological of Farmland in Hebei Province,College of Resources and Environment Science,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Shanxi Zhonghuan Hongda Environmental Testing Technology Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 03000,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心,北京100012 [2]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定071000 [4]山西中环宏达环境检测技术有限公司,山西太原030000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2022年第8期197-205,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划:有机物污染场地修复后再开发利用的安全控制技术(2018YFC1801404)。

摘　　要：有机氯农药六六六会对土壤中敏感微生物菌群产生毒性效应,导致敏感微生物菌群种类与数量发生变化。该研究针对不同浓度水平下六六六污染土壤和对应异位热脱附修复后的土壤中微生物的响应及变化进行分析,筛选出了可以作为六六六污染土壤指示生物的微生物。以清洁土壤(CK)、不同六六六污染土壤(H1、H2和H3)和修复后土壤(AR)为供试土壤,基于细菌数量和多样性生物学指标,探究不同污染浓度土壤与修复前后土壤中微生物的差异性。结果表明:(1)与CK土壤相比,梯度污染土壤H1、H2和H3中的细菌数量比CK分别降低95.31%、94.17%、94.06%(P<0.05),AR中细菌数量有所恢复,但显著低于CK,低98.86%(P<0.05);(2)清洁土壤、污染土壤和修复后土壤的细菌多样性存在显著差异,在H3土壤中,特征菌门-变形菌门和特征菌属-假单胞菌属富集明显,占比分别达到99.43%和97.97%,其他物种占比不到1%,AR中微生物的物种组成相比H3有了一定的恢复,群落组成的多样性增加,但是短期内仍比清洁土壤群落多样性低;(3)清洁土壤中Methylomirabilota、硝化螺旋菌门和浮霉菌门,相较于污染土壤中平均相对丰度显著降低,并且它们的相对丰度在污染最重的土壤H3中为0,即上述3种菌门对六六六污染敏感,可以作为六六六污染敏感指示菌,作为一种新型辅助检测方法;(4)环境因子分析表明,六六六极显著影响了土壤细菌群落结构,对H3处理组中细菌群落结构影响程度较大。Hexachlorocyclohexanes, the organochlorine pesticide, can have toxic response effects to the sensitive microbial flora in soil, resulting in changes of the type and numbers of the sensitive microbial flora. This paper analyzed the response and changes of microorganisms in HCHs polluted soil and the soil after the corresponding ex-situ thermal desorption remediation at different concentration levels, and screened out the microorganisms that can be used as indicator organisms in HCHs contaminated soil. In this paper, the clean soil samples(CK), soil samples, contaminated by HCHs of different levels(H1, H2 and H3) and the soil samples after being remediated(AR) were used as test soil samples. Based on the number of bacteria and the biological indicators of diversity, the differences between soils with different contaminated concentrations and the microbes before and after remediation are explored. The results of the studies showed that compared with CK, the number of bacteria in gradient contaminated soil H1, H2 and H3 was reduced by 95.31%, 94.17% and94.06%, respectively(P<0.05), and the number of bacteria in AR recovered to some extent but was still notably lower than that of CK, 98.86% lower(P<0.05). There were significant differences in the bacterial diversity of clean soil,contaminated soil and the soil after being remediated. In H3 soil, the characteristic bacteria Proteobacteria and the characteristic bacteria Pseudomonas were significantly enriched, and the proportion reached 99.43% and 97.97%, respectively and the other species’ proportion below 1%. Compared with H3, the microbial species composition in AR had been restored to a certain extent, and the diversity of community composition increased, but it was still lower than that of uncontaminated soil in the short term. The average relative abundance of Methylomirabilota, Nitrospira and Planctomycota in clean soil was significantly lower than that in contaminated soil, and in the most contaminated soil H3 their relative abundance was equal to zero, which

关 键 词：有机氯农药 异位热脱附 六六六 细菌多样性 生物指标 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]