灰铸铁端盖消失模铸造工艺设计及数值模拟  

Process design and numerical simulation of lost foam casting for grey cast iron end caps

作　　者：赵泽文 贾丽敏[1,2] 于延龙 李春海 赵华社[4] 谭建波 ZHAO Zewen;JIA Limin;YU Yanlong;LI Chunhai;ZHAO Huashe;TAN Jianbo(School of Material Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050018,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-net Forming Technology,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050018,China;Shijia-zhuang Industrial Pump Factory Company Limited,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050100,China;Handan Qunshan Foundry Company Limited,Handan,Hebei 057350,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学材料科学与工程学院,河北石家庄050018 [2]河北省材料近净成形技术重点实验室,河北石家庄050018 [3]石家庄工业泵厂有限公司,河北石家庄050100 [4]邯郸群山铸造有限公司,河北邯郸057350

出　　处：《河北工业科技》2022年第5期341-348,共8页Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(18211021D);石家庄市科学技术研究与发展计划重点项目(216080057A)。

摘　　要：为了解决端盖消失模铸造过程中易产生气孔、夹渣、缩松、缩孔等问题、提高铸件合格率及工艺出品率,依据端盖铸件的工艺特点,设计了顶注、中注、底注3种浇注工艺方案。利用计算机模拟软件研究了浇注温度、负压度对消失模铸造端盖充型、凝固过程及铸件孔隙体积的影响;采用正交试验的方法研究了实施底注浇注工艺方案时浇注温度、负压度对端盖铸件孔隙体积的影响;按照优选出的浇注温度、负压度工艺参数进行生产验证。结果表明:顶注、中注浇注方案在铸件的顶部均出现了明显的缩孔,底注浇注工艺方案较好;优选出的浇注温度为1420℃、负压度为0.06 MPa,采用此工艺参数时端盖铸件孔隙的缺陷体积最小,为3.005 cm^(3),工艺出品率为77.7%,铸件的组织和性能均满足要求。研究结果可为端盖类铸铁件消失模铸造工艺的设计提供参考依据,具有实际应用价值。In order to solve the problems of porosity,slag inclusion,shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity in the lost foam casting process of the end cap and improve the qualified rate and process yield of the castings,three pouring process schemes,namely,top injection,middle injection and bottom injection,were designed according to the process characteristics of end cap castings.The effects of pouring temperature and negative pressure on the filling and solidification process of end cap and casting pore volume were studied by using computer simulation software.The effects of pouring temperature and negative pressure on the pore volume of the end cover casting under the bottom pouring process were studied by orthogonal test.Finally,the production verification was carried out according to the optimized value of pouring temperature and negative pressure process parameters.The results show that there are obvious shrinkage cavities at the top of the castings in the top and middle pouring schemes,and the bottom pouring scheme is better.The optimized value of pouring temperature is 1420℃,and the negative pressure is 0.06 MPa.Under these parameters,the pore defect volume of the end cover casting has the smallest value of 3.005 cm^(3).According to the calculation result,the process yield is 77.7% ,and both the microstructure and properties of the casting meet the requirements.This study can provide a reference for the design of lost foam casting process of end cap iron castings,and has practical application value.

关 键 词：铸造工艺与设备 灰铸铁 端盖 消失模铸造 工艺设计 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TG249.2[金属学及工艺—铸造] O242[理学—计算数学] TP311[理学—数学]