2019-2021年中国11~14岁儿童甜食摄入量与近视的关系  

Relationship between sugary food intake and myopia in 11-14 years old Chinese children in 2019-2021

作　　者：任志斌 徐培培 张倩 许娟 杨振宇 司向[2] 马忠华[3] 李瑞莉[4] 张晶波[5] 郭淑玲[6] 黄广文[7] 常利涛[8] 赵文华 Ren Zhibin;Xu Peipei;Zhang Qian;Xu Juan;Yang Zhenyu;Si Xiang;Ma Zhonghua;Li Ruili;Zhang Jingbo;Guo Shuling;Huang Guangwen;Chang Litao;Zhao Wenhua(NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition,National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;National Center for Women and Children's Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100081,China;Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020,China;Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changchun130062,China;Qinghai Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Xining810007,China;Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Changsha 410008,China;Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming650022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,国家卫生健康委员会微量元素与营养重点实验室,北京100050 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京100050 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,北京100081 [4]首都儿科研究所,北京100020 [5]吉林省疾病预防控制中心,长春130062 [6]青海省疾病预防控制中心,西宁810007 [7]湖南省妇幼保健院,长沙41008 [8]云南省疾病预防控制中心,昆明650022

出　　处：《卫生研究》2022年第5期713-719,共7页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：科技部科技基础资源调查专项(No.2017FY101100)。

摘　　要：目的探讨中国11-14岁儿童甜食摄入状况,及其与近视患病率、近视程度的关系。方法在2019-2021年实施“中国0-18岁儿童营养与健康系统调查与应用”项目的14个省(自治区、直辖市)28个城乡调查点,采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,将12397名11-14岁青春期儿童纳入分析。通过问卷收集个人基本情况和近视状况,以及糕点类、蜜饯、糖果类、巧克力、冰激凌等甜食摄入信息。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨儿童甜食摄入与近视的关系。结果11-14岁男、女童每天甜食(糕点类、蜜饯、糖果类、巧克力、冰激凌等)摄入量的中位数分别为11.4 g和11.2 g,有33.9%的男童、34.2%的女童每天甜食摄入量≥22 g。每天甜食摄入量为<2 g、2-21 g和≥22 g的男童近视率分别为36.0%、39.2%和41.6%,女童近视率分别为45.9%、51.8%和55.1%(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,在控制了年龄、性别、地区、每周中高强度身体活动时间、每天视屏时间、每天睡眠时间和每天含糖饮料摄入量后,相对于每天甜食摄入量<2 g的男生,每天甜食的摄入量达到2-21 g和≥22 g的男生发生近视的风险为1.18倍和1.23倍;相对于每天摄入量<2 g的女生,摄入量达到2-21 g和≥22 g的女生发生近视的风险为1.27倍和1.38倍(P<0.05)。而无论是否控制上述混杂因素,甜食摄入量与男生或女生的近视程度均无相关关系(P>0.05)。结论2019-2021年中国11-14岁儿童摄入糕点类、蜜饯、糖果类、巧克力、冰激凌等甜食的现象较为普遍,且与近视患病率存在一定程度的正相关,但与近视程度没有观察到相关关系。OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the intake of sugary foods and the occurrence and development of myopia in children aged 11-14 in China.METHODS In the 28 urban and rural survey sites in 14 provinces that implemented the “China Children’s Nutrition and Health System Survey and Application for 0-18 Years Old” project, a multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was adopted, and finally 12 397 adolescent children aged 11 to 14 were selected in the analysis. Demographic characteristics, myopia information and the intake of sugary food(cakes, preserved fruits, candies, chocolates and ice cream) were collected through questionnaires. Multifactor Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between sugary food intake and myopia in children.RESULTS The median daily intake of sugary foods(cakes, preserved fruits, candies, chocolates and ice cream)of 11-14 year old boys and girls in China was 11.4 g and 11.2 g respectively, 33.9% of boys and 34.2% of girls consumed ≥22 g of sugary food every day. The myopia rates of boys with intakes of <2 g, 2-21 g and ≥22 g were 36.0%, 39.2% and 41.6%, and girls’ myopia rates were 45.9%, 51.8% and 55.1%. The result of Logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for confounding factors such as age, gender, region, weekly high-intensity physical activity time, daily screen time, daily sleep time and daily intake of sugary beverages, compared with boys whose daily intake of sugary food was less than 2 g, the risk of myopia for boys whose daily intake of sugary food reached 2-21 g and ≥22 g was 1.18 and 1.23 times, for girls whose daily intake was less than 2 g, the risk of myopia was 1.27 times and 1.38 times for girls whose intake reached 2-21 g and ≥22 g(P<0.05). No matter whether confounding factors were controlled or not, there was no correlation between the intake of sugary foods and the degree of myopia(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The consumption of sugary food such as cakes, preserved fruits, candies, chocolates and ice

关 键 词：儿童 近视 甜食 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]