利用变分法近似求解重力场中理想气体的热力学量  

APPROXIMATE SOLUTION OF THERMODYNAMIC QUANTITIES OF IDEAL GAS IN GRAVITY FIELD BY VARIATIONAL METHOD

作　　者：侯吉旋 HOU Jixuan(School of Physics,Southeast University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211189)

机构地区：[1]东南大学物理学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《物理与工程》2022年第4期37-38,共2页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：教育部高等学校物理学类专业教学指导委员会项目。

摘　　要：计算重力场中的理想气体的热力学量是统计物理教学中的一个重要问题。将重力场中的气柱近似地分为上下两部分,上部没有气体分子而气体分子均匀地分布于下部,通过对自由能的变分得到上下两部分的分界面,进而可以近似求解该系统的热力学量。It is an important problem to calculate the thermodynamic quantities of the ideal gas in the gravity field in statistical physics.We approximately split the air column in the gravity field into two parts.The upper part contains no gas molecule while the gas molecules distribute homogeneously over the lower part.By using the variational method,the interface between the upper and lower part can be determined by minimizing the free energy of the system.Thus,the thermodynamic quantities can be calculated approximately.

关 键 词：理想气体 重力场 变分法 

分 类 号：O414.2-4[理学—理论物理] G642[理学—物理]