反思性司法:系统论视野下司法回应社会的新模式  

Reflexive Justice:New Mode of Judicial Response to Social Demands from the Perspective of System Theory

作　　者：侯明明 Hou Mingming

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院

出　　处：《环球法律评论》2022年第5期20-34,共15页Global Law Review

基　　金：2022年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“中国司法回应社会诉求的理论架构与优化路径研究”的研究成果。

摘　　要：司法的权力配置和功能发挥预设了其回应社会的必然性。但司法在回应社会的过程中面临着处理司法的自治性与社会回应性之关系的难题。在系统论法学的启发下,反思性司法可以作为一个处理上述难题的整合性概念被提出。反思性司法通过司法决策依据上的规范性表达和司法决策认知上的适度社会开放,既避免了机械司法的纯粹法律形式主义的弊端,又弥补了回应型司法面临的合法性危机以及忽视法律外生因素的理论缺陷,最终实现了司法系统回应社会的“封闭下的开放”和“自治下的回应”。反思性司法为司法与社会的良性互动提供了一个初步的分析框架,是一种可值得期待的司法回应社会的新模式。中国司法如果欲求真正迈向反思性司法模式,需要在协调司法职业化与大众化之关系、通过司法内部可协商结构达成更多主体间共识、强化司法制度建设以提供更稳定规范预期等方面继续完善。With the diversification of the growing demands of the people, the supply-demand contradiction between the external society and judicial response has become increasingly prominent. On the one hand, the supply-demand contradiction constitutes the basic social driving force for the continuous improvement of the current judiciary. On the other hand, the relationship between the judiciary and the external society has become a problem that must be dealt with in the operation of judicial power. The power allocation and function of the judiciary presuppose the inevitability of its response to society. However, in the process of responding to social demands, the judiciary faces the difficult problem of dealing with the relationship between judicial autonomy and judicial social responsiveness. Inspired by the system theory of law, reflexive justice can be proposed as an integrative concept to deal with this problem. Through the normative expression of judicial decision-making basis and the moderate social openness of judicial decision-making cognition, reflexive justice not only avoids the drawbacks of the pure legal formalism of mechanical justice, but also makes up for the legality crisis faced by responsive justice, as well as the theoretical defect of responsive law, namely ignoring legal exogenous factors, and ultimately realizes “opening under closure” and “response under autonomy” in the judicial system’s response to society. Environmental information has an “irritation” function for reflexive justice, which cognitively prompts judges to reflect on the legality and rationality of rulings, and even the normative choices, interpretation methods and consequence considerations behind rulings. Although the judiciary has social openness in cognition, this openness has the characteristics of optionality and moderation and is controlled by the two dimensions of “quality” and “quantity”, so as not to fall into the situation of “public opinion intervention in justice”. In short, in the context of ju

关 键 词：反思性司法 司法的自治性 社会回应性 系统论 

分 类 号：D926[政治法律—法学]