隋唐五代本草著作中用药警戒思想的探析  

Descriptions of pharmacovigilance in materia medica works of Sui,Tang and the Five Dynasties

作　　者：姜皓 张冰[1] 张晓朦[1] 林志健[1] 吕锦涛 张丹[1] JIANG Hao;ZHANG Bing;ZHANG Xiaomeng;LIN Zhijian;LYU Jintao;ZHANG Dan(School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国药物警戒》2022年第9期987-993,共7页Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance

基　　金：国家中医药管理局-国家中医药领军人才支持计划“岐黄学者”项目(10400633210004);第三批国家高层次人才特殊支持计划(万人计划)教学名师项目;国家自然科学基金资助项目(81874349)。

摘　　要：目的基于“识毒-用毒-防毒-解毒”警戒思想,梳理总结隋唐五代代表性本草著作中的用药警戒内容,为中药传统警戒思想的传承奠定基础。方法以隋唐五代时期《新修本草》《本草拾遗》《食疗本草》《药性论》《日华子本草》《海药本草》为代表性本草著作,提取其中有关药物安全警戒的内容,并进行统计分析。结果纳入的代表作具有丰富的用药警戒思想与措施,对细化毒性分级程度、建立并发展食药禁忌体系、辨析药物来源、丰富配伍禁忌、特殊人群禁忌、炮制减毒等警戒内容都有特殊贡献。结论隋唐五代是中药传统药物警戒思想的积累阶段,蕴含的药物警戒思想较为系统,在识毒与防毒两方面发展尤为突出,对用毒亦有一定创新,而对解毒的新认识较少。Objective To summarize ideas about pharmacovigilance documented in representative materia medica works of the Sui,Tang and the Five Dynasties based on ancient beliefs about pharmacovigilance—identification of toxicity,use of toxicity,protection against toxicity and detoxification in order to ensure the transmission of notions of pharmacovigilance related to traditional Chinese medicine.Methods Taking Newly Revised Materia Medica,Materia Medica Supplements,Dietetic Material Medica,Medicinal Properties,Rihuazi Materia Medica and Extrinsic Materia Medica as representative works of materia medica published during the Sui,Tang and the Five Dynasties,descriptions about pharmacovigilance in these books were retrieved for statistical analysis.Results The included masterpieces had a wealth of ideas about and countermeasures against pharmacovigilance,which contributed greatly to the refinement of toxicity classification,establishment and development of systems for food and drug contraindications,identification of sources of medicines,expansion of compatibility contraindications,contraindications among special populations,and detoxification via processing.Conclusion Sui,Tang and the Five Dynasties were important ages when perceptions of pharmacovigilance related to traditional Chinese medicine were fast accumulated.The pharmacovigilance-related theories formulated in this period were comparatively systematic,especially in terms of identification and prevention of toxicity.There were some innovative ideas about the use of toxicity,but the knowledge of detoxification was far from adequate.

关 键 词：隋唐五代 本草 药物警戒 警戒思想 

分 类 号：R994.11[医药卫生—毒理学]