“节能低碳”政策能否实现企业绩效双赢  

Can“Energy Saving and Low Carbon”Policy Realize Win-Win of Enterprises’Production Performance?

作　　者：车帅 Che Shuai

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)经济管理学院

出　　处：《财经科学》2022年第9期91-106,共16页Finance & Economics

基　　金：山东省软科学重点研发计划项目“科技支撑黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展研究”(2021RZA04027);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“基于土地异质性的我国生物燃料产业政策评估与优化”(19CX04033B)的资助。

摘　　要：在“双碳”目标约束下,如何帮助企业在环境治理中实现经济发展和环境保护的双赢,是亟待回答的重要问题。本文基于中国专利数据库和国泰安数据库,利用《万家企业节能低碳行动实施方案》(简称“节能低碳”政策)这一准自然实验,分析其对企业生产绩效和环境绩效的影响及机制。研究发现,“节能低碳”政策能够显著提升企业的生产绩效和环境绩效,有效推动企业进行环境排放、环境管理以及环境监管认证的披露工作,实现企业经济和环境目标的双赢。政策的生产绩效提升作用呈现正“U”型特征,而环境绩效则呈现逐年增高的作用效果。同时,“节能低碳”政策对非国有企业、高成长性企业、西部城市和非资源型城市的企业具有更明显的提升效果。机制分析表明,“节能低碳”政策通过“遵循成本”效应和“创新补偿”效应影响企业生产绩效,而能源节约类和交通运输类绿色技术创新构成了政策作用于企业环境绩效的桥梁。另外,低碳省市试点政策、碳排放权交易试点政策以及大气污染物限值政策均呈现显著的政策协同效应。Under the constraint of double carbon goals,how to strengthen the environmental governance behavior of enterprises so as to achieve a win-win situation of economic development and environmental protection is an important issue to be answered urgently.Based on China patent database and Guotai’an database,this paper uses the quasi natural experiment of the implementation plan for energy saving and low carbon action of 10000 enterprises(hereinafter referred to as“energy saving and low carbon”policy)to analyze its impact and mechanism on enterprise production performance and environmental performance.The research shows that the“energy saving and low carbon”policy can significantly improve the production performance and environmental performance of enterprises,effectively promote the disclosure of environmental emissions,environmental management and environmental regulatory certification,and achieve a win-win situation for the economic and environmental objectives of enterprises.The production performance improvement effect of the policy shows a“positive U-shaped”feature,while the environmental performance shows an increasing effect year by year.At the same time,the policy of“energy saving and low carbon”has a more obvious improvement effect on non-state-owned enterprises,high growth enterprises,enterprises in western cities and non-resource-based cities.The mechanism analysis shows that the“energy saving and low carbon”policy affects the production performance of enterprises through the“follow cost”effect and the“innovation compensation”effect.The green technology innovation of energy conservation and transportation constitutes a bridge between the policy and the environmental performance of enterprises.It is worth noting that the pilot policies of low-carbon provinces and cities,the pilot policies of carbon emission trading and the air pollutant limit policy have shown significant policy synergy and strengthened the effect of policy implementation.

关 键 词：“节能低碳”政策 生产绩效 环境绩效 绿色技术创新 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]