文人艺术的艺术人文价值:工夫论的视角  

A Study on Artistic Humanistic Value of Literati Art from the Perspective of Gongfu Theory

作　　者：朱璟 ZHU Jing(Institute of Arts Education,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学艺术教育研究院,浙江杭州311121

出　　处：《美育学刊》2022年第5期9-12,共4页Journal of Aesthetic Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“明清闲赏美学思想研究”(22BZX120)的阶段性成果;浙江省哲学社会科学重点研究基地课题(杭州师范大学文艺批评研究院)“中国文人画的美育精神研究”(2022JDKTZD31)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：文人艺术是一种极具代表性的中国传统艺术形态。文人艺术既深受中华元典文化的浸润,同时又以宋明理学的工夫论为思想内核。中国哲学中的“工夫”实则是人把握世界的一种方式,“工夫论”即是中国哲学特别是宋明理学关于“工夫”的讨论。工夫论以“本体—工夫”系统为思想基础及思考框架,“本体—工夫”这一对范畴及其交互关系,与“人文—艺术”之间具有多层次的呼应关系。本体和工夫相生不离,工夫中见本体,本体见于工夫,人文和艺术的互生互融亦是如此;与本体为根基而工夫为通达之途相类,人文为基础和旨归,艺术则是人文素养的修持工夫;“本体—工夫”化生出“境界”,“人文—艺术”也最终体现为艺术人生的“天地境界”。因此,作为本体的人文与作为工夫的艺术,已经鲜明体现了艺术的人文价值。借助于此,我们能够以本土思想理论资源深入阐释艺术的人文价值和美育精神。Literati art is a typical traditional Chinese art form. In terms of philosophical thinking, literati art is deeply influenced by the Chinese classical culture, and at the same time takes Gongfu Theory of Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming dynasties as its ideological core. “Gongfu” in Chinese philosophy is actually a way for people to handle the world and Gongfu Theory is the discussion and theoretical framework of “Gongfu” in Chinese philosophy, especially in Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming dynasties. To be specific, Gongfu Theory takes the “noumenon-Gongfu” system as the ideological basis and thinking framework and this “noumenon-Gongfu” category and their interactive relationship have a multi-level relationship with “humanities-art”. Noumenon and Gongfu are inseparable, in which noumenon can be seen in Gongfu, and vice versa. The same is true for the mutual growth and integration of humanities and art. Similar to noumenon as the foundation and Gongfu as the way to access, humanities is the foundation and purpose, while art is the cultivation of humanistic quality. Indeed, “noumenon-Gongfu” is transformed into “realm”, and “humanities-art” is finally embodied as the “realm of heaven and earth” of artistic life. Therefore, humanities as noumenon and art as Gongfu have clearly reflected the humanistic value of art. By this means, we can deeply explain the humanistic value and aesthetic education spirit of art with local ideological and theoretical resources.

关 键 词：工夫 本体 艺术 人文 

分 类 号：J02[艺术—艺术理论]