不同隧道坡度与车厢火灾位置情况下烟气蔓延特性研究  

Study on smoke spread characteristics under different tunnel slopes and car fire locations

作　　者：方祥 任飞 李建[1] 车洪磊[1] 钱小东 唐飞[2] FANG Xiang;REN Fei;LI Jian;CHE Honglei;QIAN Xiaodong;TANG Fei(Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety,China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China;State Key Laboratory of Fire Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei Anhui 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国安全生产科学研究院地铁火灾与客流疏运安全北京市重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2022年第9期35-40,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52006204);火灾科学国家重点实验室开放课题项目(HZ2020-KF06);中国安全生产科学研究院基本科研业务专项资金项目(2021JBKY08)。

摘　　要：为研究含坡度隧道不同火源位置情况下车厢火灾烟气蔓延特性,采用CFD数值模拟方法,建立全尺寸地铁隧道与列车数值模型,研究车厢不同火源位置情况下火灾烟气纵向温度分布规律,探讨倾斜隧道车厢火源位置对烟气蔓延的影响。研究结果表明:当火灾烟气蔓延处于纵向通风惯性力与热浮力竞争作用控制阶段时,火源位于车厢上游方向时火灾烟气向车厢方向蔓延距离小于火源位于车厢下游方向情况,且随坡度增大,火源位于车厢上游方向烟气逆流长度不断减小,位于下游方向烟气逆流长度不断增大;当纵向通风风速达到2 m/s时,火源位于车厢上下游方向2种情况下,列车车厢方向均无烟气蔓延(逆流长度为0),此时火灾烟气蔓延将主要由纵向通风控制,隧道坡度无显著影响。In order to study the characteristics of smoke spread in the car fire with different fire source locations in the tunnel with slope,a full-scale numerical model of subway tunnel and car was established by using the CFD numerical simulation method.The longitudinal temperature distribution of fire smoke in different fire source locations of car was studied,and the influence of fire source location in the car with an inclined tunnel on the smoke spread was discussed.The results showed that when the fire smoke spread was in the competitive control stage of longitudinal ventilation inertia force and thermal buoyancy,the spread distance of fire smoke to the car direction when the fire source was located at the upstream direction of car was less than that when the fire source was located at the downstream direction of car,and with the increase of the slope,the smoke back-layering length decreased when the fire source was located at the upstream of car,while the smoke back-layering length increased when the fire source was located at the downstream of car.When the longitudinal ventilation wind speed reached 2 m/s,there was no smoke spread in the car direction(with back-layering length of 0),no matter the fire source was located at the upstream direction and downstream direction of car.At this time,the fire smoke spread would be mainly controlled by the longitudinal ventilation,and the tunnel slope had no significant influence.

关 键 词：隧道坡度 火源位置 火灾烟气 温度分布 烟气逆流 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]