双4维时空协变量子力学基础综述--波函数的意义、量子概率的起源、量子叠加态的成因等  

Review of Fundamentals of Covariant Quantum Mechanics in Dual 4-Dimensional Space-Time:The Significance of Wave Function,the Origin of Quantum Probability,the Quantum Superposition State,etc.

作　　者：赵国求[1] ZHAO Guoqiu(WISCO Joint Laboratory,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学-WISCO联合实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《现代应用物理》2022年第3期1-14,140,共15页Modern Applied Physics

基　　金：教育部青年基金资助项目(07JC720016);武钢科技进步项目基金资助项目(2009-2012B121)。

摘　　要：微观客体具有一定的空间分布,微观环境下,对量子现象有影响。描述微观量子世界的物理规律,质点模型不适用。本文介绍了描述微观量子现象“转动场物质球”模型。该模型大小因运动状态不同自动可变,与狭义相对论协调。基于该模型构建的双4维时空,在描述微观量子现象时,有明显的理论优势。与宏观世界的描述不同,双4维时空是微观世界独立描述的时空,其中,复数波函数描述的是物质波,即物理波,是量子通信的物质基础。量子概率起源于微观客体的有形结构及质量密度分布,在物理时空的转换中得到体现。物质波与概率波可通过傅里叶变换进行表象变换,而相位变换(包括整体或局域规范变换)与量子测量作用有深刻的内在物理联系。In this paper,we introduce the description of microscopic quantum phenomena by using the“rotating field matter sphere”model.The size of the model is automatically variable due to different motion states,which is consistent with the special theory of relativity.Based on this model,the dual 4-dimensional space-time is constructed,which has obvious theoretical advantages in describing microscopic quantum phenomena.The dual 4-dimensional space-time is an independent description of space-time which is different from the macro world.In the dual 4-dimensional space-time,the complex wave function describes the physical wave,which is the matter basis of quantum communication.Quantum probability originates from the physical structure and mass density distribution of microscopic objects,and is reflected in the transformation of physical space-time.Matter wave and probability wave can be transformed by Fourier transform.Phase transformation(including global or local gauge transformation)has a profound internal physical relationship with quantum measurement.

关 键 词：场物质球模型 物质波 量子概率 起源 表象变换 局域规范变换 

分 类 号：O413[理学—理论物理]