明清时期寡居妇女的情感探微  

An Exploration into the Emotions of Widowed Women in Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：李姣[1] LI Jiao(School of History,Anhui University,Hefei 230039,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学历史学院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期86-94,共9页Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助一般项目(19BZJ053)。

摘　　要：明清时期,妇女寡居现象屡增不减的原因并非全部源于外部社会治理,女性内在的情感意识也在其中发挥着重要的调控作用。妇女寡居动机及生活状态与荣耻感、效忠情绪、义务情感、虔诚信仰、爱情等高级情感息息相关。尚荣知耻的情感激励、规范着妇女的社会行为,使其逐渐适应禁欲生活并以寡居守节来实践内心对荣誉感的追求。基于效忠与义务的爱情感驱使妇女消除殉夫念头,忍死守节,以完成养老字幼的家族责任。寡居妇女通过对于神祇虔诚、依赖的情感体验及从事祭祀、祈祷、崇拜等礼仪活动,释放负面情绪,获得心灵慰藉,维持生存意念。在社会互动及人际关系的影响下,寡居情感促使该群体对自己所担负的各种社会角色知觉性更强。这一知觉性最终成为解读明清社会妇女纷纷自觉寡居的重要因素,并对当时家庭、社会的协调运转起到维稳作用。In Ming and Qing Dynasties,the increase of widowed women was not entirely due to social governance,but partly due to their emotional regulation.Their motivation was closely related to honor,shame,loyalty,obligation,faith,love and other high-level emotions.The emotion of upholding honor and being conscious of shame motivated and regulated their social behaviors,and compelled them to live in widowhood and pursue honor by staying chaste.Loyalty and duty out of love eliminated the idea of martyrdom and urged them to fulfil the familial responsibilities as a caregiver to parents and children.These women relied on piety to gods and ritual activities such as sacrifice,prayer and worship to release the negative moods,obtain spiritual comfort and maintain the will to survival.Under the influence of social interaction and interpersonal relationship,this group of women inevitably had greater perception of various social roles,and this perception eventually became an important factor in interpreting the widowhood emotion of women in Ming and Qing Dynasties,which played an important role in the coordination and operation of the family and society at that time.

关 键 词：明清 妇女 寡居 情感 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学] C913.68[历史地理—中国史] C912.4[经济管理]