戒烟行为对肺癌相关影响的研究进展  

Research progress on the related effects of smoking cessation behavior on lung cancer

作　　者：杜君 DU Jun(Department of Prevention and Health Care,Tianjin Jizhou District People's Hospital,Tianjin 301900,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市蓟州区人民医院预防保健部,天津301900

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2022年第8期44-46,共3页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

摘　　要：肺癌根据形态特征、分化程度与生物学特点可分为小细胞肺癌和非小细胞肺癌。临床典型症状为咳嗽、胸闷、胸痛、气急、咯血、食欲缺乏等。吸烟是公认的肺癌重要危险因素之一,不仅会影响肺癌患者生活质量,还会缩短患者生存时间,增加死亡率。相关调查显示,全球癌症发病率呈逐年上升趋势,肺癌位居发病首位,且肺癌患者中约有95%是因吸烟引起,由此可知,吸烟与肺癌密切相关。香烟燃烧时,产生的烟雾中含有大量尼古丁、焦油、苯并芘等成分,大多数具有致癌性。尼古丁是最难戒掉的毒瘾之一,也是烟草中重要成分之一,可使心跳加速、食欲降低和血压升高,使人产生依赖性。在调查中显示,肺癌患者得知自己确诊后,仍然有7%~16%的人会继续抽烟,这不仅会增加肺癌复发率与死亡率,还会增加第二肿瘤发生风险。因此,本文综述了戒烟行为对肺癌相关影响的研究进展,通过有效措施促使患者戒烟,以改善患者预后。Lung cancer can be divided into small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer according to its morphological characteristics,degree of differentiation and biological characteristics.The typical clinical symptoms are cough,chest tightness,chest pain,shortness of breath,hemoptysis,lack of appetite and so on.Smoking is recognized as one of the important risk factors of lung cancer.It will not only affect the quality of life of lung cancer patients,but also reduce the survival time and increase the mortality of patients.According to the relevant surveys,the incidence rate of cancer worldwide is increasing year by year.Lung cancer ranks first in the incidence.About 95% of lung cancer patients are caused by smoking,therefore,smoking is closely related to lung cancer.When cigarettes are burned,the smoke produced contains a lot of nicotine,tar,benzopyrene and other components,most of which are carcinogenic.Nicotine is one of the most difficult drug addicts to quit,and also one of the important components of tobacco.It can accelerate the heart,reduce appetite and increase blood pressure,making people dependent.The survey shows that 7%-16% of lung cancer patients will continue to smoke after they know their diagnosis,which will not only increase the recurrence rate and mortality of lung cancer,but also increase the risk of secondary tumor.Therefore,this paper reviews the research progress on the related effects of smoking cessation behavior on lung cancer,through effective measures to promote patients to quit smoking,in order to improve the prognosis of patients.

关 键 词：戒烟行为 肺癌 复发率 死亡率 尼古丁 

分 类 号：R734.2[医药卫生—肿瘤] R730.1[医药卫生—临床医学]