十二指肠钩虫和美洲钩虫生态学的比较研究  

COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE ECOLOGY OF ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE AND NECATOR AMERICANUS

作　　者：蒋华 强慧琴 Jiang Hua;Qiang Huibin(Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院寄生虫病研究所

出　　处：《Zoological Research》1983年第1期9-14,共6页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：联合国开发计划署/世界银行/世界卫生组织热带病研究培训特别规划的部分支持。

摘　　要：早年学者的研究已积累了不少有关人体两种钩虫的基本生物学知识,其中也涉及到某些不同的生态特征。但有些论断,特别是寄生期的生态,大都以临床症状加以推测。1960年后才陆续见有两种钩虫在动物体内发育和移行路线的报道。近年来,国内外一些学者从不同方面指出,两种钩虫的种间生物学差异不仅影响着它们的流行病学特点,而且与防治对策有着密切关系。为此,对两种钩虫在实验动物体内的生态习性及其差异进行了比较观察。Comparisons between the development of eggs and larvae of A. duodenale and that of TV. americanus were studied experimentally. The eggs of both species, maintained between 28.-37.C, developed concurrently to the third stage larvae in 4 days. However, maintaining at 16.C, the time required for developing eggs of A. duodenale was less than of N. americanus, being 15 and 20 days respectively. No larvae of either species, maintaining below 6.5.C or above 43.C were found but the eggs of A. duodenale were more tolerant of the low temperature. In water, both types of eggs (over 97.5%) could develop to the second stage larvae, and only a few were able to reach their third stage. The average percentage was 0.0039% in A. duodenale and 0.308% in TV. americanus. The movement of the third stage larvae of A. duodenale was more active, which moved from the filter-paper to the culture solution within the culturetubes were more rapid, than that of TV. americanus at same temperature. There are two routes of infection open to the hookworms, orally or by skin, the former is appropriate for A. duodenale, the latter for TV. americanus, although it is no matter with which route they get by to establish the infection in hosts. Atter invasion, both kinds of larvae were carried by blood stream to the host’s lung from which they migrated to the intestine where they lived for life long. However no larvae found, developed directly in the intestine even if they were infected orally. TV. americanus took a developing period in the lung, while A. duodenale did not. Thus the larvae of A. duodenale took only 4 days from invasion to reaching intestine, while N. americanus required 9 days, and the earliest time needed to reach maturity was 24 days for A. duodenale in dogs and 42 days for TV. americanus in golden hamsters.

关 键 词：十二指肠钩虫 美洲钩虫 生物学知识 临床症状 生态习性 生物学差异 流行病学特点 体内发育 

分 类 号：R53[医药卫生—内科学]