黑鹿(Muntiacus.crinifrons)染色体的多态及着丝粒的研究  

STUDY OF CHROMOSOMAL POLYMORPHISM AND KINETOCHORE OF THE BLACK MUNTJAC (MUNTIACUS CRINIFRONS)

作　　者：段幸生 刘爱华[1] 刘瑞清[1] 林世英[1] Duan Xingsheng;Liu Aihua;Liu Ruiqing;Lin Shiying(Kunming Institute of Zoology,Academia Sinica,Kunming)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明动物研究所

出　　处：《Zoological Research》1984年第1期41-46,I0002,I0003,共8页动物学研究（英文）

摘　　要：近十多年来,由于显带技术的广泛应用,揭示了同种异体之间染色体的多态现象,除着丝点融合或断裂是染色体数目多态的原因外,也有因异染色质差异而形成的多态。如王宗仁等(1981)、Maia等(1981)用G显带技术,分别在鹿属动物及啮齿类中观察到染色体的多态现象,Murray等(1980)用C显带技术在有袋类中,不仅观察到着丝点融合现象,亦看到异染色质差异的多态。本文报导了我国特有动物——黑麂染色体的多态现象及众多的双着丝点染色体。The karyotypc of black muntjac was reported for the first time.The female has a diploid number of 8,the male 9.G-banding and Ag-AS technique showed that in male the only acrocentric chromosome is homologous with the long arm of chromosome 1,and the smallest chromosome is homologous with the short arm of chromosome 1.Results indicated that the polymorphism of chromosome 1 in the male was the cause of chromosomal difference between the female and the male.C-banding technique showed a large heterochromatic block in the centromeric region of chromosomes 1,2 and 4a.The silver-staining technique revealed that there were two pairs of small dots in centromeric region of these three pairs of chromosomes.The result indicated that all these dicentric chromosomes were formed through the centric fusion between two telocentric chromosomes or two acrocentric chromosomes,the report supported the view that the centric fusion was an important channel in karyotypic evolution.

关 键 词：双着丝点 多态现象 王宗仁 显带技术 异染色质 着丝粒 C显带 有袋类 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]