浮球法测量液体的粘滞系数  

Float-up Method to Measure the Liquid Viscosity Coefficient

作　　者：郑世磊 初琦 苗永平 ZHENG Shilei;CHU Qi;MIAO Yongping(School of Telecommunications,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;School of Mathematics,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学电信学院,山东青岛266590 [2]山东科技大学数学学院,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2022年第3期47-51,共5页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：高等学校教学研究项目(DJZW202024hd)。

摘　　要：依据斯托克斯公式和牛顿第二定律提出了一种测量液体粘滞系数的新方法——浮球法,并设计制作了浮球法的实验装置.本实验方法的思路是借助磁铁将组合球牵引至容器底部中心后释放,由于组合球所受浮力大于重力,组合球上浮,可观察到组合球在蓖麻油中做加速度减小的变加速运动直至匀速,利用计时装置测量出组合球匀速段的速度,从而计算出蓖麻油的粘滞系数.本实验方法的原理简单,实验器材可靠,实验可重复性高,为测量液体的粘滞系数提供了一种可靠有效的新方法.通过该方法进行测量并计算得到的粘滞系数与标准值误差小于4%,说明该方法准确可靠。Based on the Stokes formula and Newton’s second law,this paper proposes a new method for measuring the viscosity of liquid-the floating method,and designs and fabricates an experimental device for the floating method.The idea of this experimental method is to combine the ball with the help of a magnet After being pulled to the center of the bottom of the container,it is released.Because the buoyancy of the combined ball is greater than gravity,the combined ball floats up.It can be observed that the combined ball performs a variable acceleration movement in castor oil with reduced acceleration until it reaches a constant speed.The uniform speed section of the combined ball is measured by a timing device.Calculate the viscosity coefficient of castor oil.The principle of this experimental method is simple,the experimental equipment is reliable,and the experiment repeatability is high.It provides a reliable and effective new method for measuring the viscosity coefficient of liquid.Through this method The error between the measured and calculated viscosity coefficient and the standard value is less than 5%,indicating that the method has high measurement accuracy.

关 键 词：斯托克斯公式 上浮法 组合球 液体粘滞系数 

分 类 号：O4-33[理学—物理]